Dissertação de Mestrado
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/27
2024-03-28T09:20:45ZPredição do escore sage para rigidez arterial elevada em pacientes com diagnóstico ou suspeita de apneia obstrutiva do sono: um estudo transversal
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/31710
Predição do escore sage para rigidez arterial elevada em pacientes com diagnóstico ou suspeita de apneia obstrutiva do sono: um estudo transversal
Langbecker, Aline
Chemello, Diego
Introduction: Arterial stiffness (AR) has been analyzed in different population groups using
pulse wave velocity (PWV). Several studies have shown an association between obstructive
sleep apnea (OSA) and increased AR. The evaluation of AR in individuals with suspected
OSA represents an opportunity to identify subclinical lesions early. PWV can be performed
using an oscillometric method. Despite the non-invasive nature of the test, its implementation
in clinical practice is still rarely carried out. The SAGE score is a clinical tool with good
predictive capacity for determining PWV values ≥ 10 m/s, using easily obtainable data
(systolic blood pressure, age, fasting glucose, and estimated glomerular filtration rate). There
is still no data evaluating this score in patients with OSA or suspected comorbidity. Objective:
To establish a predictive relationship for PWV ≥ 10 m/s in patients diagnosed or suspected of
OSA, using the SAGE score. Method: Cross-sectional study of individuals of both sexes
being monitored at a private cardiology service in the city of Santa Maria, and who underwent
type 4 polysomnography due to a suspected diagnosis of OSA. The information was obtained
from August 2019 to August 2023. PWV was measured using a validated oscillometric device
(DynaMapa AOP®). OSA assessment was performed using home type 4 polysomnography
(BiologixTM). Results: 102 patients were evaluated, with a mean age of 60.4±12.4 years, 62
(60.8%) male, 54 (52.9%) with obesity, 29 (28.4%) with diabetes and 80 (78.4%) with
systemic arterial hypertension. Mean (or median) PWV values in the sample were 8.6±1.7
m/s. The classification of OSA according to polysomnography was: 29 (27.5%) without OSA,
33 (33.3%) mild apnea, 29 (28.4%) moderate and 11 (10.8%) severe. In the ROC curve
analysis, the area under the curve was 0.536 (95%CI 0.423-0.649) (P=0.542), based on the
highest Yuden Index. The predictive ability of the SAGE score in evaluating patients with
OSA had PPV (0.419), NPV (0.679), S (0.775), SP (0.306). Conclusion: The predictive
capacity of the SAGE score to determine arterial stiffness in patients with or without OSA has
not been established. More studies on the subject are needed to determine possible statistical
relationships between OSA, PWV and the SAGE score.
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Dissertação
2024-01-25T00:00:00ZControle de tensão utilizando transformador de distribuição por meio do processo analítico hierárquico
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/31707
Controle de tensão utilizando transformador de distribuição por meio do processo analítico hierárquico
Lima, Viviane Luíse Silva de
Bernardon, Daniel Pinheiro
With the great changes on the electrical system, some problems have emerged, such as
variation in voltage levels and in losses. Therefore, voltage regulation is still a problem faced by utilities today. It should be noted that the main devices used to maintain the voltage
levels are voltage regulators, capacitor banks and transformers. In this work, the aim is
to develop a methodology to control voltage levels using a distribution transformer as the
device. The goal is to optimize the definition of the tap position considering three criteria:
voltage levels, technical losses and the number of switching. Facilitating the analysis of multiple variables, it is chosen the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), which makes it possible
to simplify a complex problem into a multi-criteria hierarchical structure, helping to understand and evaluate it. As traditional distribution transformer switches can’t be operated with
the transformer energized, for the purposes of the study, it is considered the installation of
an on load switch in the equipment. With this study, most of the voltage levels that were out
of the range were reduced, applying the control algorithm. In almost all scenarios, there
was total elimination of the cases with voltages levels out of the maximum and minimum
limits, only one scenario presented a reduction of 94,6% of the occurrences. That way,
through the application and simulation of the developed algorithm, it was possible to obtain
the best solution for the transformer adjustment position considering the mentioned criteria,
observing an improvement in voltage levels when using the control method.
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Dissertação
2024-02-08T00:00:00ZObtenção de açúcares fermentescíveis, plataformas químicas, bio-óleo e carvão a partir do processamento hidrotérmico da serragem
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/31706
Obtenção de açúcares fermentescíveis, plataformas químicas, bio-óleo e carvão a partir do processamento hidrotérmico da serragem
Puhl, Bruna Arnold
Abaide, Ederson Rossi
In this research, pine wood sawdust was subjected to hydrothermal processing of subcritical
hydrolysis and subcritical liquefaction, synergistically, in semi-continuous operation mode, in
order to evaluate the production of fermentable sugars (arabionosis, cellubiose, xylose and
glucose) platforms. chemicals (acetic, formic and levulinic acids, as well as furfural and
hydroxymethylfurfural) bio-oil and hydrochar. The influence of temperature (260, 300 and 340
°C) and the solvent/feed ratio (25 and 50 g H2O /g biomass) were the parameters considered to
evaluate the product yield, kinetic profiles and their properties. The pressure used was 20 MPa
and the reaction time was 30 min. For fermentable sugars and chemical platforms, a detailed
analysis was presented, considering the kinetic profiles for obtaining cellobiose, glucose, xylose
and arabinose. For the conditions evaluated, a different behavior was identified in relation to
the process parameters and the best results were 7.11 and 9.28 g/100 g of biomass of
fermentable sugars and chemical platforms obtained synergistically, respectively, after 30 min,
20 MPa, 260 °C and 50 g H2O/g biomass. Furthermore, 17.59 g bio-oil/100 g of biomass was
obtained at 340 °C at the same solvent/feed ratio. Analysis of the functional groups on the
surface of the bio-oil corresponds to the presence of aldehydes, carboxylic acids, ketones,
hydrocarbons, ethers, as well as aromatic, alcoholic and nitrogenous compounds. Similar
hydrochar yields were achieved between the conditions, with 24.68 g/100 g of biomass being
obtained at 340 °C and a ratio of 50 g of H2O/g biomass, with a higher calorific value of 29.14
MJ/kg (1 .5 times greater than natural biomass). Therefore, the results presented provide
innovative information regarding the hydrothermal processing of residual lignocellulosic
biomass, especially sawdust.
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Dissertação
2024-02-16T00:00:00ZO lugar do jornalismo diante das emergências socioambientais nos discursos de repórteres
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/31703
O lugar do jornalismo diante das emergências socioambientais nos discursos de repórteres
Silva, Anna Júlia Carlos da
Schwaab, Reges Toni
In this dissertation, we analyze how the journalist-subject engaged in covering emerging
socio-environmental issues verbalizes their practice and profession. The study focuses on the
discourses of Eliane Brum, Jonathan Watts, Veronica Goyzueta, Talita Bedinelli, and Carla
Jiménez, co-founders of the independent amazonian platform Sumaúma: Journalism of the
Center of the World. The reading gesture devoted to the expressions of these professionals
occurs through the activation of the theoretical-methodological device of french Discourse
Analysis (DA), in its Pecheutian strand, especially with the guidance and operationalization of
the concept-notions of subject, place, and resistance. The corpus consists of discursive
sequences (DSs) excerpted from self-referential publications on the Sumaúma website. The
textual sample, temporally delimited by the platform’s first year of activity – from september
2022 to september 2023 – comprises 15 journalistic articles collected from the sections
entitled Manifest and Our Voice. Through the analytical, attentive, and successive reading of
this material, 259 DSs were identified, pointing to twenty cores of meaning, which we named
as capitalism, war, death, and struggle; decoloniality, territory, intersectionality, and
scientific legitimation; participation, support, debate, activism, and democracy; creation,
renewal, life, and temporality; and identity, positioning, and method. These regularities
enabled the identification, classification, and naming of five subject-positions: urgency and
resistance, change of perspectives, collective action, creation of futures, and journalistic
doing. Based on these approaches, we identified and named the social place as journalism, the
discursive place as transformation, the discursive formation as transformation, and the
subject-form as a potential transformer. The results of this reading gesture, developed based
on DA, were also interpreted in conjunction with an environment of discussion grounded in
the socio-environmental approach to journalism and Latin American theoretical thinking,
especially in its critical-utopian and decolonial currents. With the justification of contributing
to thinking about the field and responding to journalistic demands arising from contemporary
emergencies in Latin America, the dissertation delves deeply into the discussion of the
reporting method of independent and non-hegemonic Latin American platforms; unveils the
resistance of this type of initiative to traditional structures in journalism; points to the
potentialities of the field in seeking social, environmental, economic, and political
transformation; and demonstrates how journalistic practice is not only an institutional activity
but also an expression of professionals’ subjectivity, directly related to the social and
discursive context of a specific space and time.; En esta disertación, analizamos cómo el sujeto-periodista que trabaja en la cobertura de temas
socioambientales emergentes verbaliza su práctica y su profesión. El objeto de estudio
corresponde a los discursos de Eliane Brum, Jonathan Watts, Veronica Goyzueta, Talita
Bedinelli y Carla Jiménez, co-fundadores de la plataforma amazónica independiente
Sumaúma: Periodismo del centro del mundo. El gesto de lectura dedicado a las expresiones de
estos profesionales se realiza mediante la activación del dispositivo teórico-metodológico del
Análisis del Discurso (AD) de línea francesa, en su vertiente Pecheutiana, especialmente con
la orientación y operacionalización de las nociones-concepto de sujeto, lugar y resistencia. El
corpus consiste en secuencias discursivas (SDs) recortadas de publicaciones con marcas de
autorreferencialidad difundidas en el sitio de Sumaúma. La muestra textual, delimitada
temporalmente por el primer año de actividad de la plataforma – de septiembre de 2022 a
septiembre de 2023 –, comprende 15 artículos periodísticos recopilados de las secciones
tituladas Manifiesto y Nuestra Voz. Mediante la lectura analítica, atenta y sucesiva de este
material, se identificaron 259 SDs, que apuntaron a veinte núcleos de sentido, que
denominamos como capitalismo, guerra, muerte y lucha; decolonialidad, territorio,
interseccionalidad y legitimación científica; participación, apoyo, debate, activismo y
democracia; creación, renovación, vida y temporalidad; e identidad, posicionamiento y
método. Estas regularidades posibilitaron la identificación, clasificación y nombramiento de
cinco posiciones-sujeto: urgencia y resistencia, cambio de perspectivas, acción colectiva,
creación de futuros y hacer periodístico. A partir de estos enfoques, identificamos y
nombramos el lugar social como del periodismo, el lugar discursivo como de transformación,
la formación discursiva como de la transformación y la forma-sujeto como de potencial
transformador. Los resultados de este gesto de lectura, desarrollado con base en AD, también
fueron interpretados en conjunto con un entorno de discusión fundamentado en el enfoque
socioambiental del periodismo y en el pensamiento teórico latinoamericano, especialmente en
sus corrientes crítico-utópica y decolonial. Con la justificación de contribuir a pensar en el
campo y responder a las demandas periodísticas que surgen a raíz de las emergencias
contemporáneas en América Latina, la disertación se sumerge profundamente en la discusión
sobre el método de reportaje de plataformas independientes y no hegemónicas
latinoamericanas; revela la resistencia de este tipo de iniciativa a las estructuras tradicionales
en el periodismo; señala las potencialidades del campo en la búsqueda de transformación
social, ambiental, económica y política; y demuestra cómo la práctica periodística no es solo
una actividad institucional, sino también una expresión de la subjetividad de profesionales,
directamente relacionada con el contexto social y discursivo de un espacio y tiempo
específicos.
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Dissertação
2024-02-20T00:00:00Z