Sistemas integrados de nutrição de precisão para suínos: desempenho e balanços metabólicos em sistemas de alimentação individual em tempo real

Abstract

The aim of this thesis was to analyze the responses of pigs when subjected to a nutritional program established for each individual in real time based on the concepts proposed by the system POMAR et al., (2009) and HAUSCHILD et al., (2012). This study was divided into two experimental phases. In the first phase performance data and production costs between two nutritional programs were evaluated, during 28 days. The experimental design was completely randomized with two treatments (Individual and Daily Nutrition Program - PID and by Program Group by Phases - PGP) and 10 replications, with the animal as the experimental unit. In the second experimental stage, an assay was performed to assess the balance of nitrogen (N) for the two nutritional programs. The experimental design was completely randomized with two treatments PID and PGP, six replicates, and the animal as the experimental unit. The animals were housed in metabolic cages for a period of seven days for adaptation and five days for total collection of feces and urine. There was no difference (P > 0.05) between nutritional programs for feed intake daily (ID), body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion (FC) and feed efficiency (FE). Due to the adjustment of the diet requirements of animals at the levels provided in PID: Crude Protein (CP), Lysine (Lys), Methionine (Met), Threonine (Thr) and Phosphorus (Pho), were respectively 14.50%, 12.23%, 28.26%, 12.98% and 14.29% lower on average compared to the values provided by the PGP. The production cost per kilogram for the period was: PID R$ 2.01 and PGP R$ 2.19. The gross profit margin for nutritional programs PID and PGP were R$ 0.99 and R$ 0.81, respectively. Nitrogen retention did not differ (P > 0.05) between the feeding programs, with average values of 27.86 g/day for the PGP and 27.31 g/day for the PID. The animals showed an average nitrogen intake of 48 g/day PID and 56 g/day PGP. The average nitrogen excretion increased from 26.89 g/day in the PGP to 19.71 g/day in the PID. It is concluded that reducing the supply of nutrients due to the adjustment of supply to the animal does not affect pig performance and further reduces the cost of production, increasing gross margin profitability. The model is able to reduce the levels of N excreted by pigs.