Avaliação de genótipos de trigo de duplo propósito submetidos ao pastejo com vacas em lactação

Abstract

In the south of Brazil, one of the largest limitations of dairy activity is the forage lack in the autumn and beginning of winter. The use of dual-purpose wheat genotypes is one alternative to minimize the impact of forage lack and even to produce grains. Thus, the objective of this research was to evaluate dual-purpose wheat genotypes under grazing with dairy cows. Were tested BRS Umbu and BRS Tarumã genotypes. The experimental design was completely randomized, with two treatments, three replications (paddocks) and repeated measures over time (grazing cycles). Three grazing cycles were performed on experimental period. Forage mass, structural composition of wheat, forage production, leaf blade biomass, stocking rate, herbage and leaf blade allowance, grazing efficiency, herbage intake, grain yield and nutritive value were evaluated. Samples from hand-plucking method were collected to analyze organic matter, mineral matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, in situ dry matter digestibility and organic matter digestibility and total digestible nutrients. Differences in forage production between BRS Umbu and BRS Tarumã genotypes (3196 vs. 4143 kg DM ha-1) and leaf blade forage production (2281 vs. 3205 kg DM ha-1), respectively were detected. Similar values were found in grazing efficiency (52,26%), herbage intake (2,91%), stocking rate (2,26 AU ha-1 day-1). The grain yield was similar between cultivars (1716 kg ha-1). BRS Umbu genotype presents lower participation of leaf blade and uptake nitrogen extraction from forage mass. Better results for nutritive value were found on dual-purpose wheat genotype BRS Tarumã. BRS Tarumã genotype is the most suitable for dual-purpose under grazing with dairy cows, compared to BRS Umbu.