A bovinocultura de corte (ciclo completo) e sua economicidade: um estudo de multicaso

Abstract

Due to the changes in the business atmosphere, it is necessary to apply business concepts to the agricultural activities with the purpose of becoming the primary production economically viable. Before that, to analyze different production systems in the complete cycle of bovine culture slaughter is necessary so the producers can take decisions in their economical activity. Based on the scenery that is the complete cycle bovine cattle breeding, it was realized a multicase study in three properties, located in Rio Grande do Sul Central Depression, with different production systems (traditional, intensive and integrated with farming). In this context, the aim of this study was to verify the current profitability, to verify the items that more participate in the costs of each property, to compare the results among the different production systems, to simulate new situations with different productive indexes, to identify the points that limit the profitability and to suggest alternatives to increase the profitability. The simulations were made based on a stable flock, using the indexes and prices observed in the multicase study. It follows that no system was economically viable to the extent of generating a minimum remuneration of the capital invested in the soil. The integrated system was the one that presented better result, followed by the intensive one, and the only that presented positive result in 2004. In the traditional, the work force item was the one that more influenced the costs; while in the other two systems were the feeding. However, the farming and cattle breeding integration was essential to the cost reduction with feeding and administrative expenses dilution. The reduction of one year in the slaughter age, among the simulated parameters, would be what more affects the profitability positively, if additional costs were not considered to be reached. In the three production systems, the simulated results with the one year reduction in the couple age or the capacity increase in 30 kilograms of live weight for hectare, without considering additional costs, would present increase at the same profitability magnitude.