Atividade das ecto-enzimas em plaquetas de ratos com hipercolesterolemia induzida tratados com curcumina e submetidos ao exercício físico

Abstract

Hypercholesterolemia is a risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis, which is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by accumulation of platelets on the walls of arteries and also by an inflammatory process. Platelets accumulated within atherosclerotic lesions, may recruit additional platelets to form a thrombus. Extracellular nucleotides and nucleosides such as ATP, ADP, AMP and adenosine have important functions, including the regulation of the thrombus, causing a variety of effects on platelets. The family of ecto-enzymes (E-NTPDase, E-5'-nucleotidase, E-NPP, E-ADA) that regulates the concentration of these nucleotides and nucleosides. Studies show that physical exercise may cause changes in lipid profile. Among the exercises, swimming in rats has been used to evaluate cardiovascular adaptations to exercise, may be an adjunct therapy to prevent progression of atherosclerosis. In the exercise, natural products have been used for the control of cardiovascular diseases, such as curcumin, a natural phenolic compound, which has antioxidant and hypocholesterolemic. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the activity of ecto-enzymes E-NTPDase, E-5'-nucleotidase, E-NPP and E- ADA in platelets of rats with induced hypercholesterolemia treated with curcumin and submitted to physical exercise. The rats used in the study were divided into eight groups: standard diet (C), standard diet along with curcumin (CC), standard diet along with physical exercise (PE), standard diet along with curcumin and physical exercise (CCPE), hypercholesterolemic diet (H), hypercholesterolemic diet along with curcumin (HCC), hypercholesterolemic diet along with physical exercise (HPE), and hypercholesterolemic diet along with curcumin and physical exercise (HCCPE). The activity of E-NTPDase, E-NPP, E-5'-NT and E-ADA were measured in isolated platelets. Curcumin was administered by gavage at a dose of 25 mg / kg / day, the rats were submitted to forced swimming. There was an increase in the hydrolysis of ATP and ADP in rats with hypercholesterolaemia induced. When these mice were treated with curcumin and physical exercise, physical exercise per se was able to further enhance the hydrolysis of ATP. In the hydrolysis of ADP, it was observed a decrease in activity of the E- NTPDase when hypercholesterolemic rats were treated with curcumin and physical exercise per se, well as when it was associated with curcumin and physical exercise. The activities of E-5'nucleotidase, E-NPP and E-ADA and platelet aggregation, did not show any significant. These results suggest that the hypercholesterolemic diet alters the activity of ecto-enzyme in platelets, and that treatment with curcumin and physical exercise may be able to modulate hydrolysis of nucleotides and nucleosides of adenine this experimental condition.