Estudo clínico, randomizado, controlado por placebo do efeito da suplementação de guaraná em marcadores bioquímicos associados à aterosclerose

Abstract

Guarana (Paullina cupana) is a functional food and previous studies suggest antioxidant, antiplatelet,antiobesogenic lipid-lowering and modulating activities of the levels of nitric oxide (ON) effects.The probably effects of guarana are related to their chemical composition consisting mainly of xanthine as caffeine, theophylline, theobromine and polyphenols such as catechins and their derivatives. The identification of bioactive compounds in Brazilian fruit is ofextreme relevance for the development of natural products that have therapeutic activity and, in this context, is guarana. Evidence suggests that consumption may intervene in the establishment of atherosclerosis pathology in determining cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Most previous studies examined herbal compounds containing guarana in its composition, in experimental animal models or observational cross-sectional population studies. Therefore, is incipient research to analyze if the guarana presents activity on biomarkers blood glucose, lipid, nutritional, oxidative - inflammatory and ischemic. Objectives: Investigate whether supplementation with a low dose of guarana in a short space of time could have an influence on biochemical markers associated with atherosclerosis in young adults overweight, therefore at risk of developing pathology. Methods: We performed a clinical trial, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, to test whether supplementation of a minimum daily dose (90mg) of guarana may affect blood biomarkers metabolic, oxidative and ischemic. Healthy volunteers (n = 14) overweight consumed capsules guarana powder (90/mg day) for 14 days. The results showed that supplementation with guarana reduced by 20% triglyceride levels (p = 0.015). It was also observed reductions in uric acid levels (p = 0.042) and markers of oxidative metabolism, such as TBARS (p = 0.0015), protein carbonylation (p <0.0001) and AOPP (p = 0.025) while there was an increase in blood levels of catalase (p = .001), albumin (p <0.0001) and for total protein (p = 0.0005). These results were independent of gender and age. The present study suggests that a minimum dose of guarana in a reduced period of time causes a positive modulatory effect on some blood biomarkers of human cardiovascular risk, regardless of the weight loss, showing thus a positive effect on atherosclerotic risk modulators.