Funcionalidade e qualidade de vida: impacto da internação em unidade de terapia intensiva

Abstract

Introduction: Hospitalization in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) usually results in functional decline and quality of life. Long-term sequelae risks may arise from a number of factors involved in the disease, the treatment received and bed rest. Objective: To measure the impact of ICU stay in functional status and quality of life of patients were admitted in this unit. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted with 15 patients of ICU of Hospital University of Santa Maria of January until April 2015. Evaluation of functional status by the Functional Independence Measure (before ICU, in the immediate high and after 30 days), evaluation of quality of life by Short-Form (SF-36) Health Survey (after 30 days) and clinical data of hospitalization were collected from medical records. Results: The mean age was 43,20±16, 92 years, predominant causes of hospitalization were neurological, mechanical ventilation time was 14(9-14) days and ICU was 15,80±7,16 days, all had complications. Before the ICU the patients were independent, after the immediate discharge there was a decline and after 30 days there was improvement, but still in dependence. The quality of life was affected during the 30 days after discharge, especially domains of the SF-36 as functional capacity, limited by physical aspects, pain and social aspects. Conclusion: The ICU has negatively affected the functionality, especially in high immediate. After 30 days the subjects had an improvement, in part, attributed to physical therapy. However, some deficits still remained, also affecting the quality of life.