Relação parental no estilo de vida, nível da atividade fisica e estado nutricional de adolescentes

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the lifestyle profile (LP), physical activity level (PAL) and nutritional status (NS) of adolescents from a public school and their parents’, besides checking the relationship of the LP, PAL and NS between the adolescents and their parents. Two hundred and eight students, aged between 11 and 15 years and their respective parents, participated. For the data collection on LP of the students and their parents, the Lifestyle Profile Questionnaire (LPQ) was used. To determine the parents' PAL, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used, and for the students, the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQA). The identification of NS was through the Body Mass Index (BMI) established from the measures of body weight and height. The data collection of the students was performed during Physical Education classes and the questionnaires for the parents were sent through the children. Descriptive data analysis was done for the characterization of the study group and Chi-Square test was used for LP, PAL and NS associations between parents and children. It was verified that 55.8% of the students were female and 44.2% were male, with a mean age of 12.9 ±1.4 years. The fathers had a mean age of 44.5±5.8 and the mothers, 42.1 ± 5.1 years. The students had a mean BMI of 20.2±3.6 kg/m2, the fathers 27.1±3.9kg/m2 and the mothers 25.4±4.1kg/m2. In the descriptive analyzes of the PAL and NS, 55.8% of the students were classified as active (A) and 44.2% insufficiently active (IA). Of the 416 studied adults, 56.7% were classified as "A" and 43.3% as "IA". When stratified by gender, 51.9% of the mothers and 81.5% of the fathers were "A". Considering the "couple" group, only 31.7% were "A" and 18.3% "IA". In the NS, most children (65.9%) and mothers (52.9%) were classified as adequate weight (AW), despite a high number of children (34.1%) and mothers (47.1% %) with overweight (O). In the fathers' group there was a higher incidence of “O” (71.1%). Observed relationships indicate that when both parents are "A" or "IA", there is a greater possibility that the children are also "A" and "IA", respectively. When the couple had "AW", it seems to decrease the chances of having children with "O" and the fact that both parents have "O" does not seem to interfere negatively in their children's NS. The average of the students', mothers' and fathers' responses showed a positive behavior (PB) for the LP. When stratifying by LP components, the average score of the students' and parents' nutrition responses were close to negative behavior (NB). Among mothers, in the physical activity component, they demonstrated a "NB", and for nutrition and stress control components the results were close to "NB". There were no significant relationships between the LP of parents and adoelscents, only in the physical activity component (p = 0.015). The relationships established in the study suggest that a positive joint posture of the couple increases the possibility of having children with "PB".