Perspectiva do aproveitamento da casca de arroz como fonte de combustível em fornalhas para secagem de grãos

Abstract

The economy of Rio Grande do Sul state is strongly based on agricultural activities, which includes the rice crop, generating considerable amount of solid waste generated bay the processing and processing activity. The main waste is identified as rice husk and ash from rice husk burning. These wastes are characterized as sources of pollution and contamination, that affect the environment and health of the population, when subjected to inappropriate actions of management. This work has the objective of conducting a study related to the use of rice husk as energy to dry the grains during the harvest, by using the rice husk over this period. The methodology can be characterized as descriptive and exploratory and as the means of investigation it was used bibliographical and field research. The companies studied were Cotrisel, Cerealista Dickow, Marzari Food and Agroindustrial Urban. They answered about their production capacity, consumption of rice husk in furnaces, as to spare and what the purpose given to rice husk surplus. It carried out simulation medium consumption shell drying in a model dryer 14 t / h, the consumption was 3.7% of rice husk. In Cotrisel company, consumption of rice hulls for drying is 3.5%. In Cerealista Dickow this value is 14.8% and Marzari Food and Agroindustrial Urban, the value is 4.4% and 3.2% respectively. The results indicate that most rice processing companies have concern about the rice husk to spare, but has no financial resources to take advantage of the surplus. Only a small portion of rice husk is used for burning in furnaces for energy, resulting in a total surplus of 50 390 tonnes of bark between the four cereal respondents, representing according to the simulation in a furnace 1,690,000 kcal consumption with energy expenditure of 512 kcal / h peel, giving a battery life of 99 hours of drying, equivalent to 1,386 tons rice.