Análise de fatores relacionados ao estado nutricional de indivíduos hospitalizados por Covid-19

Abstract

Introduction and objective: Malnutrition emerges as a risk factor for Covid-19, and after the infection sets in, the existence of chronic diseases prove to be important predictors of an unfavorable outcome. The objective of the present study is to analyze factors related to the nutritional status of individuals hospitalized for Covid-19. Materials and methods: Quantitative and retrospective, cross-sectional analysis, in which a prospective analysis variable was coupled, from medical records of users with a confirmed diagnosis of Covid-19, admitted for hospitalization in a teaching hospital. The medical records of users aged ≥ 18 years old, who received care from a professional nutritionist and were diagnosed with Covid-19 upon admission were included. Nutritional status was assessed using body mass index and biochemical tests. Demographic variables, length of stay and clinical outcome (discharge and death) were also considered. Results: 347 medical records were evaluated, patients had a mean age of 57.57±14.69 years, mean weight of 88.34±21.77 kg and mean BMI of 31.33±7.25 kg/m² . Low hemoglobin levels were found in 42.94% of patients and only 9.80% did not show depletion according to the total lymphocyte count parameter. Low CTL (total lymphocyte count) values were observed at the three levels of nutritional status. Conclusion: A high percentage of overweight individuals and low CTL levels were observed, while the presence of conditions such as diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and neoplasms was related to a worse clinical outcome. There was no association between excess weight and clinical outcome.