Efeito do condicionamento fisiológico sobre o desempenho de sementes para produção de forragem hidropônica

Abstract

Seeds of high quality are necessary to produce grass in hydroponic system, nevertheless, often seeds have poor quality and are in low amount. The physiological performance has been improved by the use of pre-germination treatments in osmotic conditioning and pregermination, to increase speed and uniformity of seed germination. There is lack of information about these treatments enough concerning grass crops. This work had as objective to establish parameters of osmotic conditioning and pre-germination use on black oat, millet and corn seeds and to compare the better conditions of these treatments to produce hydroponic grass. Three experiments were conducted, in the first, the seeds were subjected to treatments with potentials of -0,4; - 0,6; -0,8; -1,0; -1,2; -1,4 and -1,6 MPa, obtained in solution with polyethylene glycol 6000, in periods of 48 and 72 hours, to establish osmotic conditioning conditions. In the second, the seeds were placed into water and in nutritious solution, in periods of 12, 24 and 36 hours and incubated for 12, 18 and 24 hours, to determine the best conditions of pre-germination of these crops. In the third experiment were compared the better treatments determinate in the previous experiments to produce hydroponic grass in greenhouse. The conclusion is that: a) The best condition for OC of black oat and millet are -0,8 MPa of osmotic potential with 72 hours of imbibition. The best condition for corn are -1,0 MPa of osmotic potential with 48 hours of imbibition; b) The more conditions favorable to seed PG of black oat are 24 hours of imbibition in nutritious solution and 18 hours of incubation. The best period of imbibition in pure water for millet and corn are 12 hours, with 12 and 24 hours of incubation, respectively; c) The pre-germination treatment propicie taller plants of black oats and corn at 14 days, and more production of green mass, in three crops, that osmotic conditioning, at 14 days after sowing. The treatments of pre-germination and osmotic conditioning did not propicie difference of macro elements and brut protein in plants at 14 days.