Resiliência e aprendizagem: um olhar sobre o comportamento de multiprofissionais da saúde

Abstract

This study was developed with the aim of analyzing the resilient behavior and their contribution to the learning of the multidisciplinary health team of Multiprofessional Residence Program in Health (PRMS), in a federal institution of higher education located in the center of Rio Grande do Sul. The PRMS constitutes a mode of post-graduation lato sensu education course that aims professionals training for health care, management and education. The methodology is based on quantitative and qualitative approach type exploratory case study. For the quantitative research were applied three instruments: Work Stress Scale (TSE) of Paschoal and Tamayo (2004), Resilience Scale Job & Job (2003) and the Index of Learning Styles of Felder and Soloman (1991). The study included 97 multidisciplinary residents enrolled in PRMS. Data were organized and stored in a database in Excel (Office 2007). The sociodemographic variables and the items that comprise the instruments were statistically analyzed with SPSS software version 18.0 and SAS 9.02. The internal consistency of the scales was assessed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient, attesting trust for measurement and evaluation of the constructs. The results indicate the prevalence of females, aged 20 to 29 years, most formed in the period from 2010 to 2012 (73.19%), predominantly in two local universities, one public (40.21%) and other private (38.14%), belonging to multiple areas of knowledge in the health field. Regarding the measurement of stress 57.73% of the subjects had low average stress. As for resilience 73.20% of respondents had an average high resilience. The four factors that make up resilience, was the predominant factor 1 - dispositional with 74.23%, followed by factor 2 relational, with 73.20%, both measuring average high resilience among those surveyed. As for the learning styles, the most prevalent was sensory style 76.29%, followed by sequential 67.01%, verbal 57.73% and the active 56.7%. The qualitative research was conducted with 12 PRMS managers, based on semi-structured interview. For data analysis, we used the method of content analysis. Emerged from this analysis four categories not a priori: PRMS Management, Entrepreneurial Behaviour, Resilient Behavior and Learning Process. The complement of the two approaches was performed by the data triangulation technique. The research results have identified behavioral aspects in multidisciplinary team that directly influence their willingness to overcome the challenges of implementing the PRMS Political Pedagogical Proposed. To cope with the difficulties that emerged from the professional activity, the multidisciplinary team lay hold of their ability to positive react and adapt, by structuring on the protective factors of resilience. The results allow us to affirm the importance of resilient behavior of multidisciplinary health team before the activities in the program, based on a critical reflexive methodology, assumptions grounded by the public health system, driven by a model that excels in the learning process.