Micropropagação e miniestaquia na propagação de batata

Abstract

Micro-propagation is a common technique to produce disease free potato materials. Mini-cuttings of just acclimatized plantlets or older plants associated with micro-propagation may reduce production costs of potato mini-tubers. This work was carried out to study the micro-propagation and mini-cutting techniques to maximize the production of mini-tubers and to minimize the costs of potato seeds. Two experiments were conducted, being in the first evaluated the micro-propagation and acclimatization of plantlets and in the second evaluated the mini-cutting of potato plants. The first experiment was conducted in two steps. In vitro growth of potato explants were evaluated in two concentrations of MS medium (½ MS and MS), three sucrose doses (30, 45 and 60 g L-1), and three clones (Asterix, Macaca e SMINIA793101-3). The same treatment combinations were evaluated during plantlet acclimatization in two systems (floating and sand). The mini-cutting was evaluated in three experiments. The effect of irrigation solution (tap water, nutrient solution and the combination) and the physiological age of stock plant (just acclimatized and in mini-tuber production) were evaluated in the mini-cutting rooting of Asterix, Macaca and SMINIA793101-3 clones. A third experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of indol butyric acid (IBA) (0; 300; 600; 900 ppm) in mini-cutting rooting of Asterix clone. The MS medium with 50% of the salt concentration increases the plantlet survival during acclimatization. The sucrose has no effect on plantlet acclimatization. Both floating and substrate (sand) are suitable systems for acclimatization of potato plantlets. Mini-cuttings root in sand as substrate irrigated with tap water or nutrient solution. Apical mini-cuttings are suitable for the production of potato plantlets. Rooting potential of mini-cuttings is affected by the advance of the physiological age of the stock plant.