Influência da simulação do desafio cariogênico na resistência de união de sistemas adesivos ao esmalte de dentes decíduos e permanentes

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the influence of the simulation of cariogenic challenge on bond strength of adhesive systems to sound and demineralized enamel of primary and permanent teeth. Material and methods: Forty primary molars and forty permanent molars were selected and randomly assigned into 16 experimental groups (n=5) according to type of teeth - primary (PRI) or permanent (PERM), precondition of enamel sound (S) or demineralized (DEM), treatment after the restorative procedure - control (C) or cariogenic challenge (pH) and adhesive system - Single Bond (SB) or Clearfil SE Bond (SE). The teeth from groups DES were submitted to cariogenic challenge by pH cycling prior to restorative procedures. For the bond strength test, the coronal portion was sectioned resulting in buccal and lingual sections. After obtaining flat surfaces of permanent teeth, the exposed enamel of permanent and primary teeth were ground with 600 grit SiC paper for 60s. The adhesives were applied to prepared surfaces and on these surfaces, polyethylene tubes were positioned to then the adhesive systems to be polymerized. The tubes were filled with composite resin that, after polymerization, resulted in composite resin cylinder with an area of 0.45 mm ² and 1.0 mm height which were stored in distilled water at 37 °C for 2 4h. The specimens from groups pH, after the restorative procedures, were submitted of the simulation of cariogenic challenge for 14 days. After the period of storage and pH cycling, the specimens were subjected to shear force (1mm/min) and evaluated under a microscope (400x) to classify the type of fracture. The data obtained in MPa were subjected to Analysis of Variance (GLM) and fractures, to the chi-square test (α = 0.05). Results: Analysis of Variance showed no statistically significant difference between the adhesive systems. On the other hand, specimens from the S groups had higher bond strength values than those of DEM groups, as C groups compared to pH groups. PERM groups had also higher bond strength values than DEC groups, except when these were sound, since the interaction between these factors showed that teeth PRIM S had similar values that the PERM S. There was no statistically significant difference between groups for the fracture patterns which was predominantly mixed adhesive. Conclusions: The simulation of the cariogenic challenge negatively influences the bond strength to enamel of primary and permanent teeth, regardless of type of adhesive system. The behavior of adhesive systems is similar to sound enamel of 13 primary and permanent teeth. The demineralized enamel of primary teeth results in lower bond strength than permanent teeth in the same condition.