Padrão de atividade elétrica dos músculos temporal anterior e masseter em crianças respiradoras bucais e em crianças respiradoras nasais

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to study, through electromyographic analysis, the pattern of electrical activity of the anterior temporal and masseter muscles, bilaterally, in mouth and nasal breathing children. There were studied two groups of children, with 8a11m to 12a11m years old: mouth brething children (MB) 17 children, 7 female and 10 male and nasal breathing children (NB) 12 children, 8 female and 4 male. This study was accomplished at Federal University of Santa Maria, during 2003, and approved by institution s human ethics comitte CEP/CCS/UFSM. All the children were submitted to bilateral electromyographic exam of the anterior temporal and masseter muscles, during rest, maximal intercuspal position and chewing. It was used the Myosystem Br-1 equipment, of 12 acquisition channels, 12 resolution bites, amplified with gain of 5938, sampled at 4000 Hz, bandwidth of 20- 1000Hz. The signal was processing in Root Mean Square (RMS), measured in μV, and was analyzed with normalization, measured in %. Data were analyzed through Test T (Student). It was observed that, in rest, the results were similar for both groups; during maximal intercuspal position and chewing, the pattern of electrical activity from MB was lower in all the muscles, however there was significance statistical only in the left anterior temporal muscle; the MB children presented, during chewing, higher electrical activity on the right than the left side and in the anterior temporal muscle. In this research, the results indicated that mouth breathing interfere in the pattern of electrical activity of the masseter and anterior temporal muscles in functional situations (maximal intercuspal position and chewing).