Respostas bioquímicas de mulheres com síndrome metabólica submetidas ao treinamento aeróbico

Abstract

The sedentary lifestyle and a high fat diet are related with the emergence of metabolic syndrome (MS), which is represented by the cluster of risk factors such abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and hypertension. Nowadays, it is well known that both obesity and metabolic syndrome-related cardiovascular diseases are associated with oxidative stress and chronic low-grade inflammation. Considering that regular physical exercise may be considered one of the best non-pharmacological ways to MS prevention and treatment, few studies assessed the effects of moderate aerobic training (AT) alone on oxidative, inflammatory, anthropometric and functional parameters and quality of life in women with MS. Thus, it was investigated the effects of 15 weeks of AT on functional, anthropometric, biochemical profiles and the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) (manuscript 1) and the impact of 12 weeks of AT on body composition and systemic biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation in middle-aged women with MS (manuscript 2). Both inverventions comprised three weekly sessions of brisk walking and/or jogging in treadmills, with the training intensity being controlled by heart rate monitors. The 15-week AT decreased waist and hip circumferences, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances levels (TBARS) and myeloperoxidase and lactate dehydrogenase activities. Furthermore, it was observed an increasing in estimated maximal oxygen uptake and flexibility, albumin and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels and higher scores in physical functioning, role-physical, bodily pain, general health and social functioning domains in the HRQOL questionnaire. However, it was not found a simultaneous weight loss (manuscript 1). The 12-week AT provoked reductions in total body fat mass, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interferom-gamma (INF-γ), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and TBARS levels. In this context, AT resulted in increased total body lean mass, interleukin-10 (IL-10) and total thiol groups content levels, even with the maintenance of nitrite and nitrate (NOx) levels (manuscript 2). Therefore, it was concluded that biochemical, anthropometric and quality of life improved-exercise related parameters are independent of weight loss and that the moderate aerobic training positively modulates inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers and body composition in middle-aged women with MS.