Danos à saúde dos trabalhadores de enfermagem em hemodiálise

Abstract

The following study aims to analyze the risk of illness among nursing workers in a hemodialysis service. It is a cross-sectional study with 46 nursing workers in a hemodialysis service of the state of Rio Grande does Sul/Brazil. The survey instrument consists of individual characterization, with sociodemographic and labor variables, besides the Inventory on Work and Risk of illness, composed of four scales of the type Likert. The instrument was held in March and April 2011, and that the participants responded in a single moment and individually, after signing the consent form. For data entry, Epi-Info ®, version 6.4 was applied, with double independent typing. After correction of errors and inconsistencies, the analysis was performed using the PASW Statistic® (Predictive Analytics Software) version 18.0 for Windows. Internal consistency of scales, as measured by coefficient Cronbach's alpha, testified reliability, with values ranging from 0.63 to 0.928. After the descriptive analysis, it was performed bivariate analysis between the scales of the inventory and on sociodemographic and labor variables, adopting levels of 95% (p<0.05). There was a predominance of females with a mean age of 39.9 years old (DP=10.02), nursing technicians, with an average of performance in service of 10.28 years (DP=6.64). In evaluating the work context, it was considered a critical risk factor for disease in the organization of work and evaluation in the factors: socio-professional relationships and working conditions. The human cost, at work, was assessed as a severe factor: physical cost and critical, and affective and cognitive costs. Freedom of expression was critically evaluated, and other factors in the range of indicators of pleasure and suffering had a satisfactory assessment. The damage related to injury was considered tolerable. This study highlights the need for intervention in risk factors that pose health hazards to workers in the service of research, especially in regard to the human cost, at work, as well as it confirms the relevance of studies that address the health of nursing workers in hemodialysis services.