Más notícias em oncologia: o caminho da comunicação na perspectiva de médicos e enfermeiros

Abstract

The following study aimed to know the perception of the construction and communication of bad news , in the perspective of physicians and nurses, in a reference centre concerning oncology treatment. It is a qualitative, descriptive research and physiscians and nurses working at CACON were considered as participants. Saturation criteria were used regarding delimitation of the number of participants for data collection, and 11 professionals were interviewed. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews, using guiding themes and simple observation. Data analysis was carried out using content analysis. Ethical principles were respected, so to protect the participants‟ rights, formalizing their participation through Informed Consent. Among the result of data analysis we obtained two categories: the communication process and the intricacies of communication that are composed of subcategories in which it notes that the spokesperson for the bad news is the physiscian and the nurse takes the complement to the assisted diagnosis patient to "digest" such communication. It is assisted by the nurse when the physician does not communicate the information or the patient does not understand it, thus balancing the existing imbalance. The professionals report having no difficulty in communicating the diagnosis for the patient. Bad news comes from the concept each person has about it. For those professionals, it is associated to the evolution of the disease in the detriment of the treatment offered, expressing feelings of impotence. They are not aware of Palliative Care Programs. Nurses show the need for listening and care to themselves. They report difficulties concerning talking to patients about terminality. They also report having patients who are more informed and with autonomy. It was identified the existence of multiple working cores in this scenario.. The family, is recognized as important element in treatment, but adopt a "conspiracy of silence" and "secret" with professionals. Cancer triggers family conflicts, and a delicate situation to be conducted. It was possible to unveil that the communication of bad news is carried out through shared experiences and responsibilities among patient - family professional, during the stage of the oncological treatment.