Desempenho de dosadores de fertilizantes de semeadoras-adubadoras em linhas

Abstract

This dissertation aimed at comparing the performance of five (5) fertilizer metering mechanism, utilized at seed and fertilizer drill in lines, relating to its longitudinal distribution of fertilizers, its uniformity of flow according to its longitudinal function and its transverse inclinations and different levels of the reservoir. This research was developed in the Agriculture Machinery Laboratory of Research and Development (LASERG), in the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Experiments were conduct in the lab, using a counter for tests of fertilizer metering mechanism . Three metering mechanism with auger-type element have been evaluated, one with a transverse discharge through overflow, one with overflow and discharge to the side and the other with gravity discharge of fertilizers, and also the mechanisms of type fluted cilinder and star wheel. Essays were performed with three fertilizers, granule mixture 02-20-20, 16-16-16 granulated mixture and blending mash 00-15-30. It was observed that in the longitudinal distribution of fertilizers, the coefficients of variation of the mechanisms were evaluated over 30%, and the metering mechanism, auger-type transverse discharge through overflow and fluted cilinder, who had a more uniform distribution. In relation to the longitudinal inclination, all feeders had significant change in their dosages, however, the coefficient of variation of the auger-type with overflow and discharge to the side and star wheel, were lower than 10%. In tests with different slopes transverse changes were observed in less than 5%, with the auger-type transverse discharge through overflow, auger-type with discharge by gravity and fluted cilinder those who achieved the best performance. Depending on the different levels of the reservoir, the average coefficient of variation was less than 3%, and the auger-type type were more uniform in relation to this factor.