Avaliação de sistemas de implantação de soja em áreas típicas de cultivo de arroz irrigado

Abstract

For the management difficulties and high costs of irrigated rice deployment in Rio Grande do Sul, currently seeks new possibilities, as the introduction of soybean in the areas of cultivation of rice. The aimed of this study was evaluate the effects of soybean deployment system with previous soil scarification, using micro ridges till planter and different mechanisms furrowers in seeders-fertilizer, using operational parameters such as energy demand and fuel costs in two soil types typically used in irrigated rice. Were used a completely randomized design, with four replicates. Treatments are results of interaction among two factors, one being the five different mechanisms furrowers, and the other two topographical conditions of the soil (landscape and lowland area). For installation in the field was used a tractor 4 x 2 FWA and two seeder-fertilizers, one with a conventional system and the other whit micro ridges till in the soil. Were collected data of force on traction bar, fuel consumption, work speed and slipping of driving wheels, after was calculated the indirect results of the performance of the seeding operation in the field. A study was also performed as the necessary cost in fuel soybean seeding in two different soil types on the basis of the prices charged for the current crop. Performance results show differences between the two locations by the difference in topography and soil type. In the soil of lowland with successive cultivation of irrigated rice performance values are smaller than the landscape soil used with livestock and with an irrigated history of rice cultivation. The Furrowers mechanisms also influence in the energy demand and the performance of the operation in the field, and when row preparation is used instead of the coulters the results presented are better, independent of the type of soil. Fuel costs in the seeding operation are affected by the furrowers mechanisms and by the type of soil. For the management difficulties and high costs of irrigated rice deployment in Rio Grande do Sul, currently seeks new possibilities, as the introduction of soybean in the areas of cultivation of rice. The aimed of this study was evaluate the effects of soybean deployment system with previous soil scarification, using micro ridges till planter and different mechanisms furrowers in seeders-fertilizer, using operational parameters such as energy demand and fuel costs in two soil types typically used in irrigated rice. Were used a completely randomized design, with four replicates. Treatments are results of interaction among two factors, one being the five different mechanisms furrowers, and the other two topographical conditions of the soil (landscape and lowland area). For installation in the field was used a tractor 4 x 2 FWA and two seeder-fertilizers, one with a conventional system and the other whit micro ridges till in the soil. Were collected data of force on traction bar, fuel consumption, work speed and slipping of driving wheels, after was calculated the indirect results of the performance of the seeding operation in the field. A study was also performed as the necessary cost in fuel soybean seeding in two different soil types on the basis of the prices charged for the current crop. Performance results show differences between the two locations by the difference in topography and soil type. In the soil of lowland with successive cultivation of irrigated rice performance values are smaller than the landscape soil used with livestock and with an irrigated history of rice cultivation. The Furrowers mechanisms also influence in the energy demand and the performance of the operation in the field, and when row preparation is used instead of the coulters the results presented are better, independent of the type of soil. Fuel costs in the seeding operation are affected by the furrowers mechanisms and by the type of soil.