Retração total e penetração de cloretos em concretos compostos com cinza de lodo de ETA e outras adições minerais

Abstract

The use of mineral additions and substitutions in concrete production is highly beneficial to society. When used as substitutes for cement, they provide an alternative destination to polluting waste while contributing to reducing the power consumption and air pollution associated with cement production. This study investigated the influence of different concentrations of additions and curing periods of concrete mixes with water treatment plant sludge ash (CLETA), rice husk ash (CCA) and blast furnace slag (EAF) on total shrinkage and chloride penetration in concrete prepared with high early strength Portland cement. Ten mixes with water/binder ratios of 0.35, 0.50 and 0.65, with wet cure periods of 3 and 7 days were tested. CLETA substitutions for Portland cement ranged from 0% to 30%. Three-component mixes with 20% CLETA and 5% EAF, 20% CLETA and 10% EAF and a four-component mix with 15% CLETA, 5% EAF and 5% CCA were also tested. Shrinkage was measured using a length comparator at 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 56, 91, 182 and 365 days after removing the sample from the controlled humidity chamber. After 91 days of drying, samples were tested for chloride penetration to check chloride penetration depths in shrinking test samples. Results indicate that even though shrinkage values at 3 days are slightly higher, no significant variation was found for different curing periods. The lowest shrinkage value was found in the reference sample for all tested periods and in the two curing periods. Next, in an increasing shrinkage values, came the following samples: 5%CLETA (5 L), 10% CLETA (10 L), 15% CLETA (15 L), which displayed, for most mixes, a similar behavior to that of 10% CLETA (10 L), followed by mixes 20% CLETA (20 L), 25 %CLETA (20 L) and 30% CLETA (30 L). Chloride penetration resistance increased when the curing time was increased from 3 to 7 days. Three- and four-component mixes showed improved performance when compared to binary samples with CLETA and Portland cement.