Tratamentos alternativos na qualidade sanitária e fisiológica de sementes de espécies florestais

Abstract

The intervention for fungi control in seeds is widely made through chemical products. However, the results of this use may become negative to society and environment due to the pollution caused by the residues of those products, besides the development of isolates of phytopathogens which become, long term, resistant to these chemical substances. One of the current approaches is the alternative control of plant diseases. In this context, the aim of this work is to use vegetal extracts in different ways and to include the biological control in fungi control in forest seeds. Bioactive plants may establish, together with the biological control, one of the potencial ways of alternative control of fungi diseases. Some of the species studied under this aspect were: Ateleia glazioviana, Mentha piperita, Eucalyptus citriodora, Melya azedarach and Cymbopogon winterianus. Analysing the results in Chapter I, it was evidenced that treatments made with dry extracts in the storage of seeds inhibited most of the associated fungi. It was also evidenced that the germination in treated seeds was not altered for most of the treatments. In Chapter II, the results showed that essential oils associated with biological control (Trichoderma sp.) were the most efficient in fungi control together with the seeds.