Saberes e práticas tradicionais: uma análise do modo de apropriação da natureza pelos pecuaristas familiares da Serra do Sudeste/RS

Abstract

This study addresses the issue of the mode of appropriation of nature, from the ethnoecological approach in the context of family farming. Aiming to analyze, especially the corpus (knowledge) and praxis (practice productive) family of farmers for cattle cutting Território do Alto Camaquã - Serra do Sudeste/RS. For this, the location of the study involved three counties Caçapava do Sul, Pinheiro Machado and Piratini that are part of the Território do Alto Camaquã and Bioma Pampa. The research method was qualitative /quantitative with descriptive approach and purposive sampling. As tools for the study were used literature, participant observation, field diary and semi-structured interview applied to family farmers. It was found that family farmers have extreme resemblance to the mode of appropriation of nature peasant. This is evident from the results in the use of energy, land size, self-sufficiency, use of workforce diversity, productivity, wishes and desires, forms and transmission of knowledge and vision on nature and the world. The knowledge that apply familiar farmers have much of their previous generations passed them, passed from generation to generation is closely linked with cultural values. Thus will they be shaping productive practices conducted by this audience, with some adjustments over the years to improve production in harmony with the natural resources available (deferment, improvement of native pastures with winter species, castration with burdizzo and breeding flock with european breeds). Natural resources that farmers take ownership to effectively produce the beef cattle grazing native pasture are threefold: sun (light), water (rainfall) and soil (pasture). Making us understand how the production cycle to take place using a small part of external inputs, which are to animal, proving that effect the broad relationship and dependence on environmental conditions of the farmers family. It appears that family farmers are not motivated primarily by factors of an economic, as economic profit and profitability, corroborating the thesis Chayanov. Noting that approximately 80% of the total area of the properties studied are formed by natural grassland and only 4.44% are destined for grazing. It is concluded from this study that family ranchers are integrated into Pampa, through historical, social and environmental, contribute to the preservation and characterization of the landscape within the Bioma Pampa.