Geotecnologias aplicadas no mapeamento das áreas de inundação do perímetro urbano de Jaguari/RS

Abstract

Numerous issues that are highlighted today, both in the media and in the scientific community refers to natural disasters, focusing to urban flooding. From this, it is emphasized that the aim of this study is to develop a mapping methodology of risk areas to flooding, with the spatial area the city of Jaguari/RS. Among the events of floods that have occurred in the city, it is highlighted as the most severe and catastrophic, the event that occurred in 1984. Thus, in order to achieve the proposed objective, it has gone through several methodological steps. Initially it is make up the collection points with GNSS signal receiver, there was the generation of a DEM with the application of photogrammetric processes and in the end, it is obtained the planialtimetric modeling of the study area. This modeling was of fundamental importance for the definition of areas susceptible to flooding, along with another variable: the return time. Also, from these bases, structured if the hazard map, segmenting the mapping of susceptibility as the return times of 2, 10 and 73 years, coinciding such urban areas. In the next step it is created the vulnerability map, in which the correlation of information residences density was used together detailed information of all buildings arranged in the area susceptible. Thus, it obtained the zoning of the risk to flooding, with the intersection of the hazard mapping by the vulnerability, generating four risk classes. All information was stored in a database and analyzed using an application developed with Visual Basic programming language, the BZMAPS. Susceptibility area corresponds to 15.3% of the urbanized area of the city, with a total of 401 homes. The danger area synthesized, for the most class (high hazard), 18 residences. Already in vulnerability mapping, it was found, for the most class (high vulnerability), a total of 46 residences. Finally, with the mapping of risk in the class "very high risk" it is numbered 7 homes in an area of 1.50 ha, and for the class "high risk" it is quantified 21 homes in an area 2.26 ha. The main conclusions regarding this dissertation refers to all the methodological implementation of this research, with the use of GNSS receivers, photogrammetry, data organized in GIS, database construction, among others, were of great importance, therefore, it generated a paper scientific technical about the detailed mapping of flooding of Jaguari/RS city.