A hipertensão arterial sistêmica no município de Santa Maria, RS, sob a ótica do geoprocessamento

Abstract

Demographic changes and epidemiological made of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs), the leading causes of death in Brazil and worldwide, which has lead to serious public health problems as they affect the quality of life for millions of people, besides the great economic impact on families and society. Among these diseases, there are the Cardiovascular Disease (CVD), where the systemic blood pressure is considered a major risk factor. Thus, this study documents the collection of secondary data from a descriptive, retrospective probabilistic proposes spatialize hypertension and its risk factors in Santa Maria, RS, and to verify the prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk and to characterize the sociodemographic and health of hypertensive patients. The population of interest are individuals with hypertension, assisted by the Family Health Strategy (FHS), the municipality of Santa Maria, from January 2002 to December 2009. The distribution was stratified sample and how to select hypertensive patients for the study sample took place at random from ten teams of ESF, which amounted to approximately 2600 users suffering from hypertension, in that period, resulting in 336 hypertensive subjects. The sources of research on the variables used in the study were HIPERDIA system and consolidated data from the Information System of Primary Care (ISPC), corresponding to Chips "A". We analyzed the sociodemographic variables, risk factors for hypertension, complications and conditions of housing and sanitation. For numerical analysis of percentage data, we used descriptive statistics. The results were presented in tables, graphs and spatially, geographically, in the application Arcgis 9.3. These showed that most hypertensive patients are female (68%) and 31.9% are male, are aged between 55 and 64 are white, with low education and living with a partner and children. The family history were more frequent in users of the ESF Arroio do Só (AS), Bella Union (BU) and Pine Park (PP). Smoking stood out in the rural teams (AS and St. Anthony). Inactivity affects, more significantly, users of BU. The users of PP and St. Joseph (SJ), the frequency of obesity was higher. Therefore, prevention and health promotion must be targeted to specific groups, even within the same area enrolled, because not all hypertensive patients have the same characteristics.