Hipofosfatemia e hiperglicemia no desmame de pacientes em ventilação mecânica na UTI

Abstract

Critical patients have alterations in respiratory function and often require mechanical ventilation (MV), as may present electrolyte disturbances and complications such as hypophosphatemia and hyperglycemia, which increase the need and time of ventilatory support. The hypophosphatemia manifest in muscle weakness and respiratory failure, and hyperglycemia is predictor for prolonged MV, infectious complications and mortality. Thus, this study aims to determine whether low levels of phosphorus and high glucose levels are risk predictors for successful weaning of patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Adult University Hospital of Santa Maria (HUSM), given the clinical importance of these variables. The work is characterized as an observational and longitudinal study conducted in the ICU of the University Hospital of Santa Maria with a sample consisted of 18 adults of both sexes on mechanical ventilation.The patients’ medical records werefollowed for data collection, and serum phosphate and glucose levels were obtained from blood samples collected in the morning.The variables were expressed as mean and standard deviation, and we used the Student t test and Pearson correlation test for analysis. In total there were 25 attempts at weaning, which 13 resulted in successful weaning and 12 in failure. Phosphorus levels in times of failure and success of weaning were 3.25 ± 1.0 mg/dL and 3.61 ± 0.7 mg/dL, while glucose levels were 146,08 ± 44,6 mg/dL and 149,92 ± 61,0 mg/dL. Comparisons between phosphorus or glucose and the failure and success of weaning did not have statistical significance. The association between phosphorus or glucose levels and concentration of leukocytes was statistically significant, being the first one positive and the second negative. There was no statistical significance in the comparison between the levels of phosphorus and glucose with the outcome of weaning, pointing out that they are not predictors to the success of weaning in critically patients.