Análise fitoquímica e atividade farmacológica in vitro e in vivo de Schinus molle L.

Abstract

The species S. molle L. is widely distributed in Rio Grande do Sul. The aerial parts of S. molle are popularly used for different therapeutic purposes as antiinflammatory, anti-haemorrhagic, antiseptic, mild laxative, astringent, anti-asthmatic, digestive stimulant, menstrual, diuretic and tonic disorder. The need to seek new therapeutic alternatives for respiratory diseases, preferably with minimal side effects, justifies this work, both from the point of view of scientific and social interest. The present work aimed to obtain the crude extract of S. molle leaves by the maceration process, perform phytochemical analysis, identify and quantify compounds present in the extract, evaluate biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity, as well as evaluate cyto and genotoxicity and antioxidant potential against reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. S. molle extract after analysis showed concentrations of 79,14; 231,67; 52,65 mg equivalents/g of extract that were determined by phytochemical dosages in S. molle extract for total phenols, tannins and flavonoids, respectively. S. molle was able to capture reactive oxygen and nitrogen species with antioxidant capacity with IC50 = 30.54 ± 0.41 μg/mL. It did not present cytotoxicity and genotoxicity, being a safety indicator. Antimicrobial activity was not significant in relation to the microorganisms Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Mycobaterium tuberculosis, M. abcessus, M. massiliense, M. fortuitum and M. smegmatis. The extract showed no hematological alterations, even in the group induced pleurisy with 2% carrageenan. The flavonoids rutin (58,63 mg/g) and quercetin (0,665 mg/g) were identified and quantified.