Atividades antibacteriana e antibiofilme do extrato bruto de Datura suaveolens

Abstract

Control of infectious microorganisms is sometimes ineffective even with the development of innovative antibacterial drugs. As a result, pathogens are proving resistant to most known drugs impacting the premature death of approximately 300 million people, including hospital and environmental infections, with a $ 100 trillion loss to the global economy by 2050. Based on these The World Health Organization (WHO) has named antimicrobial resistance as one of the three most important public health threats of the 21st century. This fact brings a look at the ability of microorganisms to live in communities called biofilms, developing their metabolism linked to a surface, thus, such a problem encourages the search for alternatives that bypass the problem of bacterial resistance and looks back to natural products, where various extracts of medicinal plants have shown antibacterial effects that may represent a promising therapeutic alternative. As is the case with medicinal plants of the Solanaceae family, which have alkaloids as major compounds, which are known as potent antimicrobial agents. Thus, the present work aimed to verify if Datura suaveolens crude extract (popularly known as trumpeter, white skirt or devil's breath) is capable of inhibiting the growth of microorganisms in their planktonic form and in the form of biofilms. , besides quantifying biofilm of clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Susceptibility tests were performed by broth disc diffusion and microdilution methods. In order to determine the inhibition and destruction concentration of the biofilm the crude extract was tested at minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and subinhibitory concentrations. The results showed that D. suaveolens crude extract has discrete antibacterial activity for planktonic microorganisms, between clinical isolates and standard strains, with concentrations between 10 and 1.5 mg/mL. Clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae were classified as strong biofilm formers. D. suaveolens crude extract was able to discreetly inhibit the biofilm of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA01) and a clinical isolate of K. pneumoniae at subinhibitory concentrations of 0.625 mg/mL and 1.25 mg/mL, respectively. however, it was unable to destroy the biofilm formed from both strains, revealing that the plant material in question acts in the early stages of biofilm formation.