Avaliação sorológica de rebanhos bubalinos para vírus causadores de doenças reprodutivas e vesiculares

Abstract

Buffaloes are rustic animals with high adaptability in different climates and regions. Buffaloes are an alternative for meat and milk production in the livestock sector, besides having greater resistance to diseases. Buffaloes are often raised together with cattle, or have contact, which facilitates the transmission of infectious diseases between these animals. Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV-1) are viruses that often cause reproductive diseases in cattle and are responsible for high rates of abortion in herds. Vaccínia virus (VACV) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) are considered to cause vesicular lesions. The four viruses mainly affect cattle, but studies prove that buffaloes are also susceptible to infection after contact with infected cattle. The objective of this study was to investigate the circulation of BVDV, BoHV-1, VACV and VSV in buffalo herds of the Federal District by the investigation of antibodies in serum samples with seroneutralization method (SN). Therefore, 580 serum samples from buffaloes from the Federal District (DF) were evaluated, of which 45 were positive for BVDV, 219 for BoHV-1, 16 for VSV, while none presented antibodies to VACV. It is believed that rearing together with cattle or acquiring infected animals may have been responsible for the introduction and maintenance of the agents in the herds. The high prevalence of BoHV-1 in buffalo herds suggests a relationship between the virus's ability to remain latent in the ganglia or the occurrence of a cross-reaction with Bubaline Alphaherpesvirus Type 1 (BuHV-1). To control the spread of the viruses, it is suggested to adopt prophylactic measures, such as routine diagnoses, vaccination of animals, reproductive control and animals introduced into the herd.