Prática da contenção em pessoas idosas institucionalizadas: percepções de profissionais de enfermagem

Abstract

This study presented the following objectives: to know the conceptions of nursing professionals about the practice of containment in institutionalized elderly people; to know the conducive situations of containment experienced by nursing professionals in long-term care institutions for the elderly; to know how the practice of containment performed by nursing professionals in institutionalized elderly people occurs. This is a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive research, carried out with 30 nursing professionals from long-term care institutions for the elderly, located in the southern region of Brazil. Data collection occurred from January to March 2019, using the semi-structured interview. The interviews were analyzed according to Bardin's content analysis. The research results are presented in three articles: the first, the practice of containment in institutionalized elderly people: conceptions of nursing professionals; the second, entitled: conducive situations of containment experienced by nursing professionals; and the third, occurrence of the practice of containment in institutionalized elderly people. It is concluded that the practice of restraint in institutionalized elderly people is conceived as safety, protection and care of conducive situations, listed as the removal of devices and diapers, the clinical condition of the elderly person and institutional characteristics. The occurrence of containment in institutions manifests itself in a physical, mechanical, pharmacological and environmental way, with variability of time and record of conduct. There are consequences of the practice and reactions of the elderly person, with reference to limb edema and pain resulting from mechanical restraint. The study contributes to the construction of knowledge in the area of health and nursing, by contemplating the subjectivity of containment in the institutional environment, from the justifications to the occurrence of the practice, presenting evidence that can support and direct geriatric nursing care in the context of institutionalization.