O patrimônio histórico sob a ótica dos grupos étnicos no Rio Grande do Sul (1980-2000)

Abstract

The present study aims to establish relationships between heritage and memory upon analyzing tipping processes of Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico do Estado (IPHAE), by comparing the information of these processes with data obtained through the application of nine hundred questionnaires and selected interviews with locals in nine cities of Rio Grande do Sul state. The cities where the study was carried out were selected due to having in common the fact of having goods that are considered for ethnical characteristics, thus, the questionnaires and interviews were conducted in the follow cities: Bento Gonçalves, Erechim, Farroupilha, Flores da Cunha and Nova Prata, where the goods were considered because of its characteristics with the Italian culture and immigration; Itaara (Santa Maria), with a good regarding the Judaic immigration and São Leopoldo, Santa Cruz do Sul and Ivoti, regarding the German culture and immigration. Heritage is usually associated with the memory by those who are dedicated to the subjects, however, measuring and quantifying this relationship still proves to be a slower and less reported process. Similarly, many studies are devoted to studying the tipping processes and the policies of the related agencies, by associating heritage and memory according to the policies developed by the state; The consequences of tipping processes, their influence on the memory and daily life of citizens often escape the scope of the research. Even though the hegemonic conception of heritage is linked to the materiality and antiquity of goods, the data obtained in the present work indicate that in some cities, goods related to natural heritage and manifestations of non-material heritage are present in the memory of the citizens; in some cases, official heritage was not cited by those who answered the questionnaires and were interviewed, which may lead to questioning the influence of official heritage on memory.