S. schenckii, S. luriei, S. brasiliensis e S. albicans: suscetibilidade a agentes antifúngicos combinados e caracterização de perfil enzimático

Abstract

Recently was proposed that Sporothrix schenckii is a complex encompassing six cryptic species, which calls for the reassessment of laboratory characteristics inherent susceptibility and virulence of this fungi complex. In these contexts, the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro susceptibility of Sporothrix albicans, S. brasiliensis, S. luriei and S. schenckii to terbinafine in combination with itraconazole, ketoconazole and voriconazole as well as the correlation of enzymatic profile with the new species. The isolates (n=40) were from cases of human (18 isolates from cases of fixed cutaneous sporotrichosis and 13 isolates from cases of lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis), feline (n = 8) and canine (n=1) sporotrichosis and were previously identified by phenotypic and molecular tests. The assessment of the susceptibility was performed based on the protocol M38-A2 and the enzymatic activity was determined using the commercial kit API-ZYM System (BioMérieux, Marcy- l’Etoile, France) in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. In assessing the susceptibility, synergism was observed in only one isolate (2,5%) of the association of TRB+CTZ; addition, in the 11 (27,5%) strain tested for TRB+CTZ; in TRB+ITZ 14 (35%) of isolates and in TRB+VRC. Most interactions were indifferent. The Sporothrix schenckii Complex had different positive results for each of the new species tested. Enzymes such as esterase, esterase lipase, acid phosphatase, naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase and β-glucosidase were recorded as positive reaction in 85 – 97,5% of strains. Among the different enzymatic profiles obtained, there was unique and very peculiar to the new specimens, the positive it was observed that positive reactions for lipase and leucine arilamidase were documented only for S. brasiliensis and S. albicans, respectively. Furthermore, only S. luriei species was recorded as negative reaction for naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase. Furthmore, only S. luriei obtained negative result for naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase. The 37 isolated of S. schenckii were tested featured in 15 different biotypes. The variability enzyme found may contributes to a better understanding to the differences in virulence and resistance among species of the genus Sporothrix, and may possibility a new phenotypic basis for separating and classify the new specie, as well as providing a review of clinical and epidemiological data of sporotrichosis.