Processos de globalização e precariedade do trabalho: o caso Arroio do Só – Distrito de Santa Maria – RS

Abstract

This Course Conclusion, aims to analyze the relationship between globalization and territoriality, observing the current social, economic and political moment of the District of Arroio do Só - 5th District of Santa Maria / RS, located in the far east of the city, distant 36 km from the center. From the place was analyzed the relation between the processes of globalization and of precariousness in the labor relations and as form of social exclusion. In methodological terms, the research was based on direct observation, documentary research and interviews. Historical facts referring to the locality from its occupation, being considered by ethnic groups responsible for its colonization until the economic, social and political activities developed in the District in the present moment were considered historical facts. The peak of settlement and development of the District was the period from 1930 to 1950. Over the years this development has been reduced, reaching the stagnation in which it is today, leaving the residents hopeful with the return of the prosperity and development of the District. Several factors may have contributed to depopulation, exclusion, unemployment, precarious work, abandonment and closure of factories and industries in the region. The neoliberal movement and globalization arrived in the District, impacting in three different ways: the crisis of the footwear sector in the nineties, the passage of the railroads to private initiative and the process of modernization and mechanization of the activities of the field. After the first moment of the effects of globalization and the neoliberal movement, what remained there were few residents able to face the adversities, exclusion and abandonment of the public power as to the public services, unemployment, precariousness in the labor relations and diminished relations of sociability and interpersonal coexistence among the residents of the District. We will cite as one of the causes to the social exclusion of the district.