Da terra ao pão: a reforma agrária como condição para garantia da segurança alimentar a partir da COOTAP- Ltda

Abstract

The debate around the agrary question in Brazil happens for centuries e has as the main point the concentration of land. Since its formation, the unequal division of land has been sustained with no significant change to this structure, as the heritage of the “Capitânias hereditárias”, mills and ranches is observed nowadays through the formation large estates and the wealth inequality that affects mainly the populations that back in the colonization times were already marginalized, like black and indigenous people. This inequality makes that some parts of society, historically oppressed, stay in this place of vulnerability, that affects the most basic rights of humanity, like the right to housing, food and health. A signifcant share of the brazilian population lives in a state of food insecurity, including an expressive number of homes that lives with hunger. After 2013, this scenary got worse, and further agravated by the Covid-19 in 2020, as well as the political, economic and environmental crisis. So it is questioned: what are the limits and possibilities to configure land reform settlements as decisive factors in guaranteeing food security for the settlers and for the community from a study of the settlements that are part of Cooperativa Dos Trabalhadores Assentados Da Região De Porto Alegre LTDA (COOTAP)? For such, the systemic theory from Fritjof Capra‟s studies has been used as the basis thery and approach method, aiming to understand the networks that connect the right for land with the right for proper food and it‟s many levels of connection. As the procedural method, the bibliographic, documental and field research were used. The bibliographic and documental researches used as the research technique the sumaries and filings. The field research used formularies e structured interviews with the objective to verify the food security indexes at the settlements connected to the COOTAP. Also, semi-structured interviews were used with the cooperative and settlements leadership, with the intente to figure out the organization and estategies used in cooperation process. With such, it was notes that the implementation of settles, born from the land reform, can colaborate with nutritional and food securitied of the settlers and the community, as long as this is accompanied with public policies of credit and technical assistance. The importance of cooperative organization for settlers was also noted, because it through it that they were able to implement the agroecological production, that generates income and enable the maintenance of the land.