Avaliação da concentração de carbono orgânico em função do uso do solo no bioma pampa

Abstract

As a result of monoculture implementation, soil suffers changes, therefore damaging the ecological system of nutrients, including Soil Organic Carbon (SOC), which reduces food productivity. Moreover, the biogeochemical cycle is amended promoting the increase of an ecological imbalance. The main objective of this article is to analyze the soil carbon stock, in an area of Pampa’s biome, by verifying carbon content indicators. For this purpose, there were measured changes in carbon stock in the location, in combination with soil coverage and soil depth (0-10 cm, 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm). The different types of land use were native forest, wetland, soybeans and oat plantation and recovery degraded area. Thus, the SOC content was determined by using an adaptation from Yeomans & Bremner method. Furthermore, in order to establish a statistical comparison, the Scott-Knott method was used. Through the analysis, it was possible verifying that the SOC decreases according to the increase in depth. The biggest SOC content was presented in the wetland area, with 60,24 gC/kg, between 0 and 10 cm depth. Meanwhile, soybeans and oat crops obtained the least amount of SOC, with 3,46 gC/kg, between 20 and 30 cm depth. The study shows that, although depth is an important factor to determine carbon stock in soil, the difference among the land uses is more effective to increase SOC. In the comparison of SOC in the agricultural area and degraded area recovery, it is noticeable that they don’t have a remarkable statistical difference between the SOC content, however, there is a progress in the sequestration of carbon in the soil whereas the environmental regeneration persists. The results demonstrate that degraded soil recovery develops the increase of stock of SOC. Every sample has the highest SOC content in the superficial layer (0-10 cm) and the factor that most interferes with SOC is the land use