Habilidades em consciência fonológica nos diferentes graus de severidade dos desvios fonológicos evolutivos

Abstract

The present research main goal was to verify the relationship between the abilities in phonological awareness and the severity degree of evolutive phonological disorders, considering the Percentage of Correct Consonants (PCC), the Percentage of Substituted Consonants (PSC) and the Percentage of Omitted Consonants (POC). The sample was made up of 15 subjects with developmental phonological disorders, with ages ranging between 5:0 and 6:7, being 7 males and 8 females. Data used in this study were taken from the research project data basis “Efficacy comparative study of three phonological therapy models in the treatment of children with developmental phonological disorders”, to which they belong. Subjects with the diagnosis of phonological disorders were selected for this research. The sample was divided in four groups, based on the PCC analysis and the classification of the severity degree according to Shriberg & Kwiatkowski (1982a). PCC result allows classifying the deviation in: severe, moderately-severe, mild-moderate and mild. Data related to the phonological awareness performance were also obtained at the data basis at the previously mentioned project. Results of the Phonological Awareness Test (PAT) from Capovilla & Capovilla (1998) were considered. This test is made up of ten subtests, which evaluate several abilities, following a growing complexity order. In this study subtests were subdivided in: Syllabic Tasks, Phonemic Tasks, Rhyme, Alliteration and Total of PAT. Initially value averages of PCC, PSC and POC were calculated, as well as the value averages of phonological awareness tasks for each severity degree group. After, the performance analysis at the PAT tasks was accomplished according to PCC, PSC and POC. Data were submitted to statistical analysis. Results showed better performance in Syllabic Tasks, Rhyme and Alliteration in relation to Phonemic Tasks, independently of the severity degree of phonological disorder and of the Substitution and Omission rate. It was found out that there was no meaningful statistical difference in tasks of phonological awareness in relation to PCC, PSC and POC. With this work it was possible to conclude that there is no relation between phonological awareness abilities and the different severity degrees of phonological disorders.