Perosomus acaudatus associado à agenesia anal em terneiro

Abstract

Congenital defects are relatively common in clinical cattle, varying in importance according to the number and degree of changes and deformities they cause. Perosomus acaudatus is characterized by malformation of the sacral vertebrae, non-formation of the coccygeal vertebrae and consequently the tail, which may or may not be accompanied by other alterations in the pelvic region. It usually does not pose a risk to the animal's life by itself, but it can be accompanied by other changes. Anal atresia is characterized by the absence or malformation of the anal sphincter, being an important developmental alteration that, in addition to causing discomfort to the animal, can severely limit its life. It is a relatively common alteration that has already been described in different species. Surgical correction of anal atresia is the recommended method to correct the defect regardless of the species. Surgery provides more quality of life and also prolongs the life of the animal, allowing normal intestinal transit and defecation. The objective of this work is to report the case of an Angus bovine, three days old, that was brought to the Hospital Veterinário Universitário da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (HVU-UFSM), presenting both defects described above and who underwent colostomy surgery. The technique used at first was anoplasty, with the creation of a sphincter in the perineum, close to the anatomical region of the anal sphincter. However, due to the adherence of the rectum to the abdominal wall, it was decided to use a colostomy with the creation of a sphincter in the abdominal wall, in the left inguinal region of the animal, using a technique already described in several species. After surgery, the animal improved, and the colostomy was patent. However, in the week following the procedure, the animal began to decline, becoming more listless and prostrate. Complementary examinations revealed a peritonitis that was not controlled by drug therapy. Thus, the animal was euthanized and the corpse was sent to the pathology to perform the necropsy. At necropsy, the absence of coccygeal vertebrae, the presence of only three sacral vertebrae, diffuse fibrinonecrotizing peritonitis in the abdominal cavity, diffuse transmural necrotizing colitis in the large intestine and multifocal necrotizing dermatitis in the skin were observed.