Sintomas de depressão, ansiedade, estresse e estresse pós-traumático em profissionais de saúde do Brasil durante a pandemia de COVID-19.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The first reports of COVID-19 occurred in China in 2019. The outbreak progressively and exponentially spread across five continents, becoming the largest outbreak of atypical pneumonia since severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) observed in 2003, assuming the status of a pandemic in 2020. Previous global outbreaks have shown that diseases characterized by high contagion, morbidity and mortality bring significant psychosocial and mental health risk. Changes in the usual functioning of society generate feelings of anxiety, anguish, uncertainty and fear. The emotional burden arising from mitigation measures such as social isolation and quarantine is often overlooked. It is essential to study the phenomenon of epidemics in order to project implications for individual and collective mental health. OBJECTIVE: To study the statistical association between socio-demographic characteristics of the population of health professionals in Brazil and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and negative affectivity, in the domains of depression, anxiety and stress, during the COVID19 pandemic. METHOD: cross-sectional study carried out by completing the DASS21 and PCL-5 scales, self-applied via the web. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS. RESULTS: Final sample of 479 cases. PCL-5 (n = 465): Normal 386 (83.0%), Probable PTSD 79 (17.0%). DASS-21 (n = 479) - Depression: Normal 242 (50.5%), Mild 65 (13.6%), Moderate 96 (20.0%), Severe 34 (7.1%), Very Severe 42 (8.8%); - Anxiety: Normal 272 (56.8%), Mild 23 (4.8%), Moderate 81 (16.9%), Severe 43 (9.0%), Very Severe 60 (12.5%); - Stress: Normal 245 (51.1%), Mild 63 (13.2%), Moderate 75 (15.7%), Severe 56 (11.7%), Very Severe 40 (8.4%). CONCLUSION: Early and robust data were obtained from the population of health professionals in southern Brazil, with limited extrapolation of results to other regions. It is observed that 49.5% of the population have symptoms of depression, 43.2% with symptoms of anxiety, 48.9% with symptoms of stress and 17% with a provisional diagnosis of PTSD. Sociodemographic characteristics of income, working hours and work environment, schooling, use of psychoactive substances are related to negative alterations for affective symptoms, in the domains of depression, anxiety and stress.