“ Cai o rei de espadas, cai o rei de ouros”: o impeachment do Presidente da República como direito de resistência no estado democrático

Abstract

Liberal democracy gives prestige to the peaceful alternation in Power of people and groups that temporarily occupy the functions delegated by the normative order. As a rule, the aforementioned rotation takes place through free and periodic elections, where citizens are called to exercise the popular sovereignty provided for in the Magna Cartas around the world. However, since the 1990s in Latin America, the Social and Human Sciences have observed a new way of changing political leadership no longer by the result of the ballot box or by authoritarian coups, but by an intermediate path between them that preserves normality. constitutional: Impeachment, transformed into a means of resisting inept authorities or those whose actions are unsatisfactory and contrary to the public interest. Before the panel presented, the research problem arises: can Impeachment be considered a right of resistance in democracy? This time, this Dissertation aims to investigate the main form of removal of the Chief of State in presidential systems through the legislative channel, associating it with the resistance prerogative of John Locke's thought. Based on deductive, historical, comparative, monographic methods and bibliographical and documental reviews, the results obtained in the Work point to a popularization of this political-legal instrument, being used by different segments in order to disempower actors institutional (actresses) reputed undesirable.