Identificação e quantificação de fármacos hipoglicemiantes em formulações farmacêuticas de base vegetal usadas no tratamento do Diabetes mellitus: validação de uma metodologia analítica

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus is considered a disease in ascension worldwide. In Brazil, the rate of diabetes increased by 40% in the last six years. The use of medicinal plants in the treatment of diabetes has great relevance, as a chronic treatment, by seem harmless and be easily accessible for the population. The literature highlights the presence of drugs in herbal formulations used in the treatment of diabetes, which can lead to serious consequences such as metabolic acidosis and severe hypoglycemia. In the last decade, the ANVISA has intensified the control and concern with the market for herbal medicines in Brazil. As a consequence, it is demanded the development of methodologies for detection of the hypoglycemic drugs added as contaminants in vegetable-based formulations used in the treatment of diabetes. In this sense the present study developed and validated a method by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection for determination of some hypoglycemic adulterants. Mobile phase was composed of 0.1% phosphoric acid (pH 2.0) (90%:0%) and acetonitrile (10%:100%) The following conditions were defined; column C18; 230 nm; and flow rate of 0.5 mL. min-1 to 0.9 ml. min-1, 20 minutes of analysis. Another method based on capillary electrophoresis, MEKC UV, was tested to analyse the same hypoglycemic agents. However, the conditions studied did not present acceptable results. The method based on HPLC UV proved to be suitable for the simultaneous determination of metformin, glipizide, chlorpropamide, gliclazide, glibenclamide and glimepririda and it showed low limits of detection and quantification, besides to be specific, precise, exact and linear (p < 0.01), within the determined range (2.5 - 15mg L-1). After validation, the HPLC UV method was applied in the analysis of twenty samples acquired in the national market. Among the samples analyzed were not detected the presence of adulterants validated in this work.