Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia e Geociências
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/2394
2024-03-19T13:11:59ZA dinâmica agrária recorrente da soja e da silvicultura na fronteira Livramento/BR e Rivera/UY e seus impactos na agricultura familiar: 2006-2016
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/20581
A dinâmica agrária recorrente da soja e da silvicultura na fronteira Livramento/BR e Rivera/UY e seus impactos na agricultura familiar: 2006-2016
Netto, Tatiane Almeida
Sandoval, Ana Estela Domínguez
In the border of Livramento/BR and Rivera/UY we identified the territorialization of forestry and soybean, resulting from the modification of the agricultural productive system, driven by trade agreements and the link to foreign capital. By identifying the progress of these productive systems in the last decade, we observe the reorganization of space, the forms of work associated with these crops, and the introduction of new social relations with the transformation of its productive arrangement influenced by the approach of agrarian capitalism that transforms space by inserting new social agents in dispute in the territory. According to the concept of territory, this thesis analyzes the development of agrarian capitalism in the border and the impacts of the soybean chain and forestry in family farming. In order to understand the different territorializations in the spaces studied, with special emphasis on family farming, we carried out a research based on elements of bibliographic research, documentary research, prioritizing the secondary data: Census of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), Uruguay 2011 Census, National Statistical Institute (INE), Agricultural Census 2011, Agricultural Statistics (DIEA) linked to the Ministry of Livestock, Agriculture and Fisheries (MGAP). We also carried out field research, characterized by direct observation, whose records are in a field diary, as well as the formulation of instruments, with special emphasis on questionnaires and interviews applied to producers, technicians and public authorities in order to understand the transformations carried out in that border in the last decade, with the consequent territorial reconfiguration of the rural space, notable for the implantation of forestry and soybean culture, minimizing the historical participation of livestock production in that region, a phenomenon that occurs both in the area occupied by family farming and in the areas occupied by large enterprises. Family farmers are adapting to remain active, relating to the soybean and forestry chains by adopting new strategies of social reproduction and at the same time disputing the territory with the mentioned chains. Among the strategies adopted are: multifunctionality, pluriactivity, investments in agroecological models of production, women’s empowerment in the countryside, diversity in agricultural production and technology inversion.
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Tese
2017-03-23T00:00:00ZO processo de territorialização do movimento de trabalhadoras e trabalhadores por direitos na interface campo-cidade
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/20558
O processo de territorialização do movimento de trabalhadoras e trabalhadores por direitos na interface campo-cidade
Menezes, Hilário José
Cardoso, Eduardo Schiavone
This thesis purposes to analyze the strategies adopted by the Movement of Women and Men
Workers for Rights (Movimento das Trabalhadoras e dos Trabalhadores Desempregados
(MTD)) for the process of territorialization, at the field/city interface, in the State of Rio
Grande do Sul and the State of Bahia, through the study of the social subjects that make up
the movement and their forms of organization. To this end, it analyses the action of the MTD
as a social movement, which fights for rights, especially land and work, identifies the
organization of the MTD based on the history of the social subjects that make up the
movement and brings a debate about the territory, understood as a dialectic space, resulting
from the action of the MTD. Among the various areas where the movement operates, this
research has prioritized its activities in Rio Grande do Sul (municipalities of Gravataí – Portal
dos Pinheiros Settlement – and Eldorado do Sul – Belo Monte Settlement –) and in Bahia
(municipality of Vitória da Conquista - Zumbi dos Palmares Settlement, Carlos Lamarca
Settlement and Dandara Pre-Settlement –). The methodological assumptions for conducting
the research are based on the critical-dialectic method, in which life history is used to
understand the object of the study. As a study strategy, the empirical research combined
techniques such as field diary, descriptive recording and semi-structured interviews to
produce the data, and the analysis considered the organization of social subjects directly
affected by unemployment and the lack of social and labor rights, and the antagonistic and
contradictory relations concerning the current economic model, which excludes and
expropriates the working class. In this context, the MTD was considered as a class social
movement that seeks to organize the expropriated in the struggle for democratization of
access to land and work. The strategies used by the MTD, together with the workers, reveal
successful actions and the conquest of territory is the concrete result of the struggle for them
in the process of producing their existence.
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Tese
2019-10-18T00:00:00ZTerritórios em resistência: educação ambiental crítica em escolas do campo: uma análise a partir do curso de extensão escolas sustentáveis e Com-Vida/UFSM
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/20555
Territórios em resistência: educação ambiental crítica em escolas do campo: uma análise a partir do curso de extensão escolas sustentáveis e Com-Vida/UFSM
Kist, Anna Christine Ferreira
Meurer, Ane Carine
This thesis refers to the educational territories of Critical Environmental Education and Rural Education and their articulation through a praxis, a critical, emancipatory and transformative education. In this sense, this work aimed to understand how Critical Environmental Education, dialogues with Campo Education in Campo schools that participated in the extension project Environmental Education - Sustainable Schools and With Life / UFSM. As specific objectives: 1.Problematize the concepts of critical environmental education, campo education and campo school. 2. To analyze the action Secad/Secadi's performance in the areas of environmental education and campo education in the Lula and Dilma Governments and the repercussions of their extinction in the current government. 3. Verify if the extension project of Environmental Education Sustainable Schools and With Life/UFSM promoted changes in the teaching practices of the researched schools. 4. Identify and discuss the design that guides teaching practices in these schools. 5. Find out if Critical Environmental Education and Campo Education are present in these schools and how they are articulated through a pedagogical praxis. 6. Propose ways for the strengthening of Critical Environmental Education and Campo Education in the continuous and permanent formation of teachers. In this investigation we used the dialectical method, qualitative methodology with conceptual theoretical approach in the dialectical method, investigative case study modality. Finally, it is concluded that Critical Environmental Education and Campo Education, dialogue and articulate from the theoretical foundations of Critical Theory, based on Marxist authors, the great Educator Paulo Freire, Popular Education and the pedagogical praxis present in schools searched.
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Tese
2019-09-27T00:00:00ZMãos que cultivam a luta: experiências de resistência agroecológicas nos territórios do agronegócio no Pampa gaúcho e uruguaio
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/20553
Mãos que cultivam a luta: experiências de resistência agroecológicas nos territórios do agronegócio no Pampa gaúcho e uruguaio
Cunha, Alecsandra Santos da
Sandoval, Ana Estela Domínguez
El modelo hegemónico de producción agrícola, representado por el agronegocio y blindado por el Estado Neoliberal, influye en la economía mundial y, sobre todo, actúa directamente en los territorios rurales. Sin embargo, contribuye al proceso de acumulación del capital, presionando la agricultura familiar campesina y, basado en paquetes tecnológicos, se vuelve económica y ambientalmente insostenible. En ese sentido, la Agroecología ocupa un lugar de enfrentamiento al agronegocio, pues las experiencias de resistencias agroecológicas buscan otra forma de producir y vivir en el campo. Estas relaciones de enfrentamiento forjan los territorios rurales, teniendo las experiencias de resistencias agroecológicas como protagonistas en la lucha por el derecho de reproducirse socialmente en sus territorios. De esta forma, buscamos comprender las experiencias de resistencia en el sentido de estar transformando sus realidades a partir de la incorporación de un nuevo paradigma que se fundamenta en los preceptos de la Agroecología como alternativa al gran capital, representado por el agronegocio. Así, se pregunta: ¿cuáles son las prácticas utilizadas por las dos familias involucradas en esa investigación, que las llevan a la resistencia? Las dos áreas de estudio, una familia brasileña establecida en la Campaña Gaúcha y una familia uruguaya ubicada en Canelones, presentan el universo campesino envuelto por subjetividades y, sobre todo, su base material que posibilita la reproducción social. La formación socio-histórica brasileña y uruguaya y el avance del neoliberalismo sobre sus territorios contextualizan la investigación, que fue desarrollada trayendo las aproximaciones y distanciamientos, de cada familia, comparadas al Tipo Ideal de Weber. Utilizando técnicas de observación directa, conversaciones informales, fotografías, mapas mentales, calendarios estacionales, entre otros, la investigación aclara ese universo envuelto de subjetividades y materialidades. El escenario vislumbrado es de lucha y resistencia continua, que hora avanza y hora retrocede. La resistencia campesina agroecológica forja sus luchas con estrategias diversas. Se puede percibir que la resistencia campesina agroecológica está centrada en las estrategias de reproducción, sin embargo, necesita de políticas públicas que intervengan en el avance del agronegócio sobre los territórios campesinos, debido sobre todo a su poder político y económico.; The hegemonic model of agricultural production represented by agribusiness and secured by the Neoliberal State, influences the global economy and, above all, operates directly in rural territories. The model contributes to the accumulation of capital, pressuring the peasant family and, alongside technological advances, becomes economically and environmentally unsustainable. Due to this, Agroecology is in direct confrontation with Agribusiness, as the experiences of agroecological resistances seek other ways of producing and living in the countryside. These conflict ridden relations forge rural territories, for the experiences of agroecological resistances become the protagonists in the struggle for the right to reproduce socially in their territories. Hence, we seek to understand experiences of resistance as a transformation of reality through the introduction of a new paradigm founded on the precepts of Agroecology as an alternative to great capital, which is represented by agribusiness. Thus the question stands: what are the practices used by the two families involved in this research, that lead them to resistance? The two areas of study, a Brazilian family established in the Gaucho Planes and a Uruguayan family located in Canelones, reflect the peasant universe characterized by subjectivity and, above all, a material base the enables social reproduction. The Brazilian and Uruguayan socio-historical development and the expansion of neoliberalism over these territories, contextualize this research, which was developed considering the similarities and differences of each family in comparison to the Ideal Type of Weber. Using techniques of direct observation, information talks, photographs, mind maps, seasonal calendars, amongst others, this research sheds light on the peasant universe that is currently characterized by subjectivities and material goods. The scenario shown is one of struggle and continuous resistance which, at times, advances and, at times, recedes. The agroecological peasant resistance forges its struggle with diverse strategies. It can be concluded that the agroecological peasant resistance is centered on reproduction strategies, however, in order for it to thrive, it needs public policies that intervene in the expansion of agribusiness over peasant territories, due to, above all, agribusiness’ political and economic power.
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Tese
2018-05-28T00:00:00Z