Tosse em cães: revisão de fisiopatologia, métodos diagnósticos e etiologias

Abstract

The cough is the most important respiratory signal and a common complaint encountered by veterinary practitioners in their daily routine. It consists of a rapid inspiration, glottal closure, contraction of respiratory muscles and sudden opening of the glottis, generating a stream of air at high speed in an attempt to clear secretions and foreign bodies from the lungs, bronchi and trachea. It is a natural defense mechanism, important for the maintenance of the airways, however, in some cases, the sudden compression of the airways caused by cough may exacerbate inflammation, perpetuating the response of cough and may create a vicious circle. Still, there may be degenerative changes in the respiratory epithelium and the bronchial wall, resulting in chronic changes that are often irreversible. This study aims to review physiological and pathological cough in dogs, as well as review the approach to patients with this clinical sign, which often represents the visible part of a large primary problem. Also briefly describes the main causes of cough in this species, and therapeutic approach for their suppression, when indicated.