Compactação e infiltração de água no solo e a produtividade de milho

Abstract

Studies on soil physical and hydrological characteristics are relevant to increase productive capacity. Soil`s structure is important for the root development of the plant, which will directly reflect on its productivity. Soil with high level of compaction reduce crop productivity. To verify the physical quality of the soil, the water infiltration capacity has been used as an evaluation parameter. The objective of this study was to verify if there is a relationship between compaction and soil water infiltration with corn productivity. The experiment was carried out in the city of Santa Maria / RS, in Argissolo Bruno-Acinzentado, in an area of 9.09 ha. Corn planting was carried out in the 2015/16 and 2016/17 crops, with turnip cultivation in the off season. Soil samples were collected in a 0.25 ha mesh, totaling 34 points. Soil density analyzes were performed at 3 depths (0-10cm, 10-20cm and 20-30cm). Three productivity zones were generated through area productivity maps, and soil water infiltration analyzes were performed in each area. Both density and infiltration were performed after corn harvesting in the two harvests. Productivity was varied among maize crops. There was a significant increase in soil density in the 0-10 cm portion when evaluated in the total area, from one crop to the next. Productivity was not influenced since the density values were within the appropriate levels. In the first analysis of infiltration values were very close in the three zones, while in the second measurement, after the turnip, these values differed. It was concluded that the soil density, because it was at the appropriate levels, did not influence maize productivity and the water infiltration capacity had no connection with the different productivity zones.