A dinâmica socioeconômica e a reorganização espacial da região do COREDE produção / RS

Abstract

The purpose of the research consisted in understanding the reorganization of the COREDE Production region, identifying the actions of the socioeconomic factors that have dynamized it, since its creation in 1991. The region is located in the north of the state of Rio Grande do Sul and is composed of 21 municipalities: Almirante Tamandaré do Sul, Camargo, Carazinho, Barca, Coxilha, Ciríaco, Coqueiros do Sul, David Canabarro, Ernestina, Gentil, Marau, Mato Castelhano, Muliterno, Nova Alvorada, Passo Fundo, Pontão, Santo Antônio do Palma, Santo Antônio do Planalto, São Domingos do Sul, Vanini and Vila Maria. A general objective is to understand the reorganization of the COREDE Production region, identifying which are the main socioeconomic factors involved and responsible for the regional dynamics since its creation, and how they act. Specifically the work sought: a) to rescue the temporal evolution of the COREDE Production regions, as well as the municipalities belonging to the region of COREDE Production; b) to identify which are the social and economic factors that act and are responsible for the regional dynamics in the spatial clipping; c) to analyze which social and economic factors are the most representative and at which scale they act; d) to verify in which aspects the socioeconomic transformations in the region of COREDE Production are evidenced, how they have reorganized themselves and what perspectives of regional development are revealed. The methodological path of the research consisted of: bibliographical revision for the theoretical-conceptual deepening; information on the temporal evolution of COREDEs in order to understand their creation process; secondary data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics and the Economics and Statistics Foundation of Rio Grande do Sul, which were organized into maps, tables, charts and graphs. The information collected corresponds to the COREDE Production region and to the municipalities that compose it: population (IBGE demographic census of 1991, 2000, 2010 and estimates for 2016); land-ownership structure and land use, temporary and permanent crops, herds, machinery (IBGE's agricultural census of 1996 and 2006 and estimates for 2015); companies and personnel employed in the secondary and tertiary sectors (national classification of economic activities - CNAE / IBGE of 1996 and 2006 and estimates of 2015); analysis and discussion of the results, in which the behavior and evolution of each one of the analyzed variables were examined, with the purpose of identifying which factors are acting and responsible for the regional dynamics, verifying in which aspects the socioeconomic transformations are evidenced and what the perspectives of development for the COREDE Production region are. The results highlight that the COREDE Production region has in the capital originated in the agricultural sector its main factor. It is responsible for dynamizing, reorganizing and transforming it. This factor leverages the industrial sector, especially in the municipalities of Carazinho, Marau and Passo Fundo, which are the three main driving forces in the region. On the other hand, the commercial and service sectors, which are indirectly structured by the capital of the primary sector, are strongly polarizing, from Passo Fundo to all municipalities in the COREDE Production region, forming networks of cooperation in commerce and services especially in health, education, transport and logistics.