Coleta de secreção traqueal: estudo comparativo de técnicas

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study is to compare, by means of microbiological analysis, two techniques of tracheal aspirates in intubated or tracheostomized patients. Methodology: The study was conducted from May to June 2012, in ICU of HUSM at UFSM, becoming an experimental study, qualitative and quantitative, comparative trial. There were two data collection techniques in each hipersecretive patient, intubated or tracheostomized, requiring analysis of secretion, with the same random order. In technique 1 the secretion was aspirated until probe was with a sufficient amount of secretion, after the aspiration tube was cut with sterile scissors, into small pieces within the sterile flask. In technique 2, when the probe had a sufficient amount of secretion, it was clamped, the extender was disconnected and connected to the suction end of the oxygen flow meter. Following, the probe tip was placed into a sterile collection vial while the flow meter was connected to 15 l / min so that the secretion present inside the tube is pushed into the pot. Results: The microorganism most commonly found in the Intensive Care Unit were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13.64%), Acinetobacter baumannii (13.64%) and Candida spp (18.18%). The relationship between both techniques is equal (Kappa coefficient), both as a Gram stain for bacteria. Conclusion: The microbiological analysis showed that the collection techniques with the tracheal secretion tube and cut the flow of oxygen are equivalent. Soon both can be used in hospital routine.