A formação de profissionais no cuidado terapêutico de sujeitos com lesões neurológicas

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the training in Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy, and Speech Therapy provided by Higher Education Institutions (HEI) from the south region of Brazil in relation to the care provided to subjects with neurological injury. Materials and Method: Transversal study, quantitative and analytical-descriptive nature. Data were collected from July to September of 2015, through an electronic questionnaire (e-mail) composed of open and closed questions. The questionnaires were sent by e-mail to the coordination of the aforementioned courses, to the professional councils CREFITO and CREFONO from the south region of Brazil, requesting them to send the questionnaires to students and professionals, respectively. The questions for the students addressed: sex, age, education, current term, content addressed in the disciplines of Neurology, participation in research projects, extension, and evaluation of the contribution of the disciplines of Neurology for their education. To the professionals, the questionnaire addressed: sex, age, year of graduation, area of graduation, development of graduation monograph, current workplace, age-group they work with, neurological diagnosis they work (or worked) with, what they do and would do if they attended aphasics, ways of updating in Neurology, contribution of the disciplines of Neurology in graduation, and working in multiprofessional team. Data were presented in means and standard deviation (SD), absolute numbers and percentage. It was used Qui-square test to verify the association between variables. Results: 75 students and 125 professionals from Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy, and Speech Therapy from south Brazil participated in the study. The results are presented and discusses in two papers. The first one, “Training in Neurology in rehabilitation courses: a comparative study”, aimed at analyzing the training in Neurology provided by courses of from Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy, and Speech Therapy from south Brazil. From the 75 participants, 25 were from Occupational Therapy, 11 from Physiotherapy, and 39 from Speech Therapy. There was predominance of the female sex (90.6%), mean age of 23,2 (± 5.9), and the sixth term was the most frequent. The course of Speech Therapy offered the greater number of disciplines in Neurology. The participation of students in research projects was low; the course of Physiotherapy presented the highest incidence of extension projects and the highest level of satisfaction as to the contribution of the disciplines of Neurology. The second paper, “Training of Professionals of Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy, and Speech Therapy before and after the implementation of the National Curricular Guidelines: a comparative study”, aimed at comparing the aspects of the training in Neurology of the professionals graduated until 2005 and after 2006 from the courses of Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy, and Speech Therapy from HEI in south Brazil. Results showed that course offerings in Neurology diminished after the implementation of the National Curricular Guidelines (NCG), the education and professional acting with subjects with neurological injuries. Conclusion: This study provided recognition of the education, previous and current, from occupational therapists, physiotherapists, and speech therapists from south Brazil, suggesting a setback in the education in Neurology, higher index of specialization of the professions and, consequently, fragmentation of care, contradicting the NCG of the aforementioned courses.