Mediação cultural na vivência familiar do processo gestacional: um estudo etnográfico

Abstract

Gestational process is a family event that it’s attached to symbols and meanings constituted by the culture in each family. When the woman gets pregnant, she socializes that event with her family members, which reflects on changes and reorganization to everyone involved. In this perspective, we present the following research question: how does the culture mediate family participation in the gestational process in a community located in a medium size city in the countryside of Rio Grande do Sul? Research aimed were to interpret cultural symbols and meanings of gestation in the family living experience. Field work consisted in an ethnographical research developed between April 2016 and January 2017 in a city located in the center of Rio Grande do Sul. There were 15 key-informants, in which four were pregnant women and eleven family members. We adopted the reflexive participant observation model. As data production techniques, we used participant observation and interviews, as well as field notes to register data. We followed data analysis by ethno-nursing. All ehtical aspects of research with human beings were respected, according to National Health Consil Resolution nº 466/2012. Data collection started after Research Ethics Comittee approval, under feedback number 1.458.299. Analytical Process resulted on identifying how the family live gestation, their symbols and meanings, from their values and ways of life, having them grouped in cultural patters according to gestational trimester. Also, it was possible to group cultural patterns: beliefs, and practices culturally constructed by the family, which influence the way the family views care during the gestational process. Therefore, family living experience in the gestational process is imbricated in culture, having each individual worldview expressed on the way of thinking, act and relate to each other. Thus, cultural perspective enables health professionals to comprehend how gestational process is unveiled within family singularities, reflecting on a culturally congruent care that is more qualified and humanized.