Procedimentos invasivos e o processo de hospitalização no tratamento da leucemia de crianças e adolescentes: perspectiva de cuidadores familiares

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Leukemias correspond to the most prevalent type of cancer in most countries, and in Brazil it corresponds to 26%. There are a few common types of leukemia that are: Acute Myeloid Leukemia , Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. The treatment of hematological neoplasms, especially leukemias, generally weakens the patient, extending over long years of outpatient consultations, recurrent and prolonged hospitalizations, changes and dietary restrictions, emotional and social changes, in addition to being subjected to various invasive and painful procedures. OBJECTIVE: To know the perceptions about invasive procedures and the hospitalization process of children and adolescents with leukemia, from the perspective of family caregivers. METHODOLOGY: This is a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory research. Data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with family caregivers of children and adolescents undergoing treatment for leukemia. The analysis of the empirical material was performed based on the textual discourse analysis proposed by Moraes and Galiazzi. RESULTS: From the data analysis, two categories emerged: the hospitalization of children and adolescents undergoing leukemia treatment from the perspective of family caregivers; and invasive procedures experienced by children and adolescents during the treatment of leukemia: the perspective of family caregivers. CONCLUSION: the treatment of leukemia is complex, requiring the performance of the multidisciplinary team and also demanding specific care from the nursing team, which go beyond technical care . the nursing professional when caring for children and adolescents with leukemia, in addition to having a scientific basis to guide their actions, be involved in promoting the quality of life of these patients throughout the treatment, as well as extending their care to the family that is part of fundamental to this process and also needs to be met in its demands.