Liberação miofascial como tratamento de distúrbios da voz, respiração e postura corporal de professoras – ensaio clínico controlado e randomizado

Abstract

Objective: To verify the effects of musculoskeletal manipulations of the myofascial release using pompage in teachers from all levels of the city of Santa Maria/RS, with vocal and musculoskeletal complaints, with normal larynx and compare with the control group. Methods: Double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial with 28 teachers in the study group and 28 teachers in the control group, totaling 56 participants. Were performed: anamnesis; videolaryngoscopy; hearing screening; clinical and photogrammetric postural assessment; pain threshold in cervical muscles; sound pressure and maximum phonation time measurements; manovacuometry; and, filling out protocols for vocal self-assessment, neck pain, anxiety and depression, and musculoskeletal pain. Pompage therapy had a total of 24 sessions (eight weeks) of 40 min each, with three weekly sessions. Afterwards, the control and study groups were reassessed. Results: In the study group, there was: a significant improvement in the pain threshold of all evaluated muscles, in the posture of most of the evaluated body segments, in the cervical disability, in the maximum respiratory pressures, and in the results of the instruments: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale ; Vocal Tract Discomfort Scale; Vocal Symptoms Scale; Vocal Participation and Activity Profile; Voice Handicap Index; Voice Quality of Life; Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. In the control group, there was: significant improvement in the right scalene muscle and in the anterior head posture. Conclusion: after myofascial release therapy with pompage, performed in the study group to verify the effect of the intervention and in the control group after the reevaluations, there was a reduction in cervical pain and functional disability, an increase in pain threshold, postural improvement, an improvement in maximum respiratory pressures and an improvement in self-rated aspects related to the characteristics and quality of life related to voice, social participation related to voice, anxiety and depression, and musculoskeletal symptoms of teachers. Thus, physical therapy treatment can improve the quality of life of teachers, reducing vocal and musculoskeletal symptoms and functional disability.