Avaliação tridimensional do complexo craniofacial em tomografia multislice de ultrabaixa dose de radiação

Abstract

In the present work we will present two articles involving the evaluation of the craniofacial complex by multislice computed tomography obtained with low radiation dose. The first study is characterized by a research where its theme is focused on the evaluation of the facial structure, jaw and jaw, through three-dimensional images obtained with multislice computed tomography. It will address the means of diagnostic imaging in Orthodontics and describe a proposal for evaluation for cephalometric analysis, contributing to the elaboration of treatment plans and clinical management. This thesis is inserted in the research line of Biomaterials, Diagnosis and Orthodontic Mechanics. In addition, the study is part of a large research group, Applied Health Computing (CA + SA), which aims to promote the development of products and processes in health applied computing through scientific research, seeking the promotion and information socialization and the improvement of the population's health care quality and patient safety. From this research, we intend to continue the studies carried out in 2014 and 2015, where the CTdBem - Low Radiation Dose Multislice Tomography protocol was originated, a protocol for hospital use that allows the use of a medical tomograph to perform bucomaxillofacial images with reduced radiation dose, used as a resource in relation to panoramic radiographs and Cone-Beam tomography. The radiation dose of CTdBem is similar to that of a panoramic radiograph, but with the advantage of allowing volumetric analysis of patients. In view of this, it is proposed to conduct this research, seeking to evaluate the application of the Multislice Tomography Protocol with Low Radiation Dose in Orthodontics, as a tool to diagnose craniofacial alterations through cephalometric analysis by generating three-dimensional images of the patient's face. , making it possible to decrease your exposure to ionizing radiation. The results indicated that cephalometric analysis performed through the acquisition of multislice computed tomography does not differ from cephalometry through lateral normal teleradiography, conventionally obtained in orthodontic documentation. There was no statistical difference between the two cephalometric methods, confirming the hypothesis that cephalometry through medical tomography can be reliably used for orthodontic diagnosis. In the second moment, we present the modified low radiation dose acquisition protocol suggesting a digital orthodontic analysis and can be used as a key planning tool contributing to the elaboration of treatment plans and clinical management.